Psychological Disorders

Front 1

Schizophrenia

Back 1

a prototypical psychotic disorder including positive and negative symptoms;

positive symptoms include delusions (delusions of reference, delusions of persecution, delusions of grandeur, thought broadcasting, and thought insertion), hallucinations, disorganized thought, disorganized behavior;

negative symptoms include disturbance of affect: blunting, flat affect, and inappropriate affect

Front 2

Major Depressive Disorder

Back 2

a mood disorder characterized by at least one major depressive episode

Front 3

Major depressive episode

Back 3

A period of ay least two weeks with five of the following symptoms

- prominent and relatively persistent depressed mood

- loss of interest in all or almost all formerly enjoyable activities (anhedoonia(

- appetite disturbances

- substantial weight changes

- sleep disturbances

- decreased energy

- feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

- difficulty concentrating or thinking

- psychomotor symptoms

- thoughts of death or attempted suicide

Front 4

Persistent depressive disorder

Back 4

Individuals who suffer from dysthymia, a depressed mood that isn't severe enough to meet the criteria of a major depressive episode

Front 5

Symptoms of a major depressive episode (SIG E CAPS)

Back 5

Sadness +

Sleep

Interest

Guilt

Energy

Concentration

Appetite

Psychomotor symptoms

Suicidal thoughts

Front 6

Seasonal affective disorder

Back 6

Major depressive disorder with seasonal onset

Front 7

Bipolar I disorder

Back 7

Manic episodes with our without major depressive episodes

Front 8

Bipolar II disorder

Back 8

Hypomania with at least one major depressive episode

Front 9

Cyclothymic disorder

Back 9

A combination of hypomanic episodes and periods of dysthymia that are not severe enough to qualify as major depressive episodes

Front 10

Catecholamine theory of depression

Back 10

Theory holds that to much norepinephrine and serotonin in the synapse leads to mania, while too little leads to depression

Front 11

Generalized anxiety disorder

Back 11

A disproportionate and persistent worry about many different things

Front 12

Specific phobia

Back 12

Anxiety is produced by a specific object or situation

Claustrophobia- fear of closed places

Acrophobia- fear of heights

Arachnophobia- fear of spiders

Front 13

Social anxiety disorder

Back 13

Anxiety due to social situations

Front 14

Agoraphobia

Back 14

An anxiety disorder characterized by a great of being in places or situations where or may be hard for an individual to escape

Front 15

Panic disorder

Back 15

Consists of repeated panic attacks; Symptoms include fear and apprehension, trembling, sweating, hyperventilation, and a sense of unreality

Front 16

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Back 16

Characterized by obsessions (persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses), which produce tension, and compulsions (repetitive tasks) that relieve tension but cause significant impairment in a person's life

Front 17

Body dismorphic disorder

Back 17

A person has an unrealistic negative evaluation of his or her personal appearance and attractiveness, usually directed toward a certain body part

Front 18

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Back 18

Occurs after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, such as war, ahome invasion, rape, or a natural disaster

Consists of intrusion symptoms, avoidance symptoms, negative cognitive symptoms, and arousal symptoms

Front 19

PTSD Intrusion symptoms

Back 19

Include recurrent reliving of the event, flashbacks, nightmares, and prolonged stress

Front 20

PTSD Avoidance symptoms

Back 20

Include deliberate attempts to avoid the memories, people, places, activities, and objects associated with the trauma

Front 21

PTSD Negative cognitive symptoms

Back 21

include an inability to recall key features of the event, negative mood or emotions, feeling distanced from others, and a persistant negative view of the world

Front 22

PTSD Arousal symptoms

Back 22

include an increased startle response, irritability, anxiety, self-destructive or reckless behavior, and sleep disturbances

Front 23

Acute stress disorder

Back 23

same symptoms of PTSD but last for less than one month, but more than three days

Front 24

Dissociative disorders

Back 24

the person avoids stress by escaping from his identity

Front 25

Dissociative amnesia

Back 25

characterized by an inability to recall past experiences; this disorder is often linked to trauma

Front 26

Dissociative fugue

Back 26

a sudden, unexpected move or purposeless wandering away from one's home or location of usual daily activities

Front 27

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Back 27

formerly multiple personality disorder; there are two or more personalities that recurrently take control of a person's behavior; results when the components of identity fail to integrate

Front 28

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

Back 28

individuals feel detached from their own mind and body or from their surroundings;

an out-of-body experience is characterized as depersonalization

derealization is described as giving the world a dreamlike or insubstantial quality

Front 29

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Back 29

at least one somatic symptom, which may or may not be linked to an underlying medical condition

Front 30

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Back 30

characterized as being consumed with thoughts about having or developing a serious medical condition

Front 31

Conversion Disorder

Back 31

characterized by unexplained symptoms affecting voluntary motor or sensory functions; symptoms usually develop after individual experiences high levels of stress or a traumatic event

Front 32

Personality Disorder

Back 32

a pattern of behavior that is inflexible and maladaptive causing distress or impaired functioning in at least two of the following:

-cognition

-emotions

- interpersonal functioning

- impulse control

considered ego-syntonic or ego-dystonic

Front 33

Ego-syntonic

Back 33

individual perceives his/her behavior as correct, normal, or in harmony with his/her goals

Front 34

Ego-dystonic

Back 34

individual sees the illness as something thrust upon him/her that is intrusive and bothersome

Front 35

Personality Disorders Cluster A

Back 35

1) Paranoid

2) Schizotypal

3) Schizoid

Front 36

Paranoid personality disorder

Back 36

marked by a pervasive distrust of others and suspicion regarding their motives

Front 37

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Back 37

a pattern of odd or eccentric thinking; these individuals may have ideas of reference as well as magical thinking

Front 38

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Back 38

a pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and restricted range of emotional expression

Front 39

Personality Disorders Cluster B

Back 39

1) Antisocial

2) Borderline

3) Histrionic

4) Narcissistic

Front 40

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Back 40

a pattern of disregard for and violations of the rights of others

Front 41

Borderline Personality Disorder

Back 41

pervasive instability in interpersonal behavior, mood, and self-image

Front 42

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Back 42

characterized by constant attention seeking behavior

Front 43

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Back 43

one has a gra ndio se sense of self-importance or uniqueness, preoccupation with fantasies of success, a need for constant admiration and attention, and characteristic disturbances in interpersonal relationships such as feelings of entitlement; individuals have very fragile self-esteem abbr are constantly concerned with how others view them

Front 44

Personality Disorders Cluster C

Back 44

1) Avoidant Personality Disorder

2) Dependent Personality Disorder

3) Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)