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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F
substance abause is a disease process |
true
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what is the prevalence of drug and etoh abuse and dependance in the US?
-5% -10% -20% -25% |
20%
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maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment or distress as mainfested by at least three of th efollowing occurring in the same 12 month period...is the definition of what?
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substance dependence
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if a pt is walking around impaired and know one knows what is this?
-tolerance -withdrawal -substance abuse |
tolerance
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during what period of time is a pt at very high risk for relapse?
-1st month -6 months -12 months -24 months |
12 months
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what are the diagnostic criteria for substance abuse?
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tolerance
withdrawal use longer than intended unsuccessful at cutting down all their time spent obtaining drugs give up activities continued use despite problems |
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to diagnose a pt with substance dependence disorder you must specify is there is a __ or __ dependence
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physiological dependence
without physiological dependence |
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a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to impairment or distress as manifested by at least one of the following occurring within a 12 month period.
recurrent use leading to failure to fulfill major obligations recurrent use in physically dangerous situations recurrent use r/t legal problems continued use despite recurrent social or interpersonal problems... is defined as? |
substance abuse
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__ __ development of a reversible substance-specific syndrome due to recent ingestion of a substance & clinically significant maladaptive behavioral or psychological changes that are due to the effects of the substance on the CNS..is..
-substance intoxication -substance withdrawal |
substance intoxication
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after 4 weeks of sobriety, pt's should be re-evaluated for __ disorders
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psychological disorders
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>1 substance use increases the risks of __/__
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morbidity and mortality
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What is included in the CAGE?
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C-have you tried to cut down
A-annoyed by other's G-guilty about your drinking E-need an eye opener |
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What does MAST stand for?
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michigan alcohol screening test
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What does AUDIT stand for?
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alcoholic use disorder indentifcation test
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What does DAST stand for?
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drug abuse screening test
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in a CAGE what is a positive score?
1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4 |
2/4
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most people who substance abusers their dimished physical health is r/t?
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usually a bad diet
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long __ can affect memory.
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alcoholism
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what is important about a pt's past substance abuse hx?
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need to know if they were cooperative and compliant with past treatment
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in lab analysis of a pt with substance abuse, what body systems must be evaluated?
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all body systems
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In regards to intervention..if a pt is not aware of their substance use problem, and has no interest in changing their pattern..is called?
-pre-contemplation -contemplation -preparation -relapse |
pre contemplation
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if a pt. is aware of the substance use problem but continues to use substance and is usually ambivalent about stopping...is..?
-precontemplation -contemplation -preparation -maintenance |
contemplation
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removal of substances and managing withdrawals is __.
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detoxification
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a previous pattern of use continues but makes decision to change and the pt may make small changes in abuse ..is..?
-preparation -maintenance -relapse |
preparation
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new behavior is consolidated. relapse prevention techniques help to maintain changes..is..
-action -maintanence -relapse |
maintenence
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if a pt's efforts to change are abandoned, a cycle may be repeated until permanent sobriety is established..is..
-maintenence -relapse -contemplation |
relapse
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are men or women more apt to alcoholism?
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men
2:1 |
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etoh is the _ leading cause of death in th eUS.
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3rd
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What is the ABCDE of alcohol abuse?
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A-abuse of 2nd substance (80% smokers)
B-antisocial personality C-phobias D-major depressive disorders E-dysthymic disorder |
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GABA are __ regulators.
up or down |
down regulators
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GABA is a major __ neurotransmitter in the CNS.
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inhibitory
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When etoh binds to its receptors this opens the __ channel for a CNS depressant effect.
-chloride -calcium -sodium |
chloride
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Chronic etoh use cause __ regulation of GABA receptors.
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down regulation
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__ is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS.
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Glutamate
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Alcohol inhibits glutamate receptors, __, causing sedation.
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NMDA
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Chronic etoh use causes __ regulations of NMDA receptors.
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up regulations
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Alcohol also causes release of __ peptides and dopamine.
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opioid
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Where is etoh metabolized?
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liver thru oxidation
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ethanol is metabolized via alcohol dehydrogenase to __.
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acetaldehyde
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__ inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase.
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antibuse (disulfiram)
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__% of etoh is oxidized in the liver.
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90%
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10% of etoh is executed unchanged by lungs and __.
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kidneys
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healthy liver oxidizes __ ounces of 80 proof etoh in 1 hour.
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.75 ounces
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is the metabolism of etoh faster or slower in a regular drinker?
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faster
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neurological complications of etoh affect the __degeneration.
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cerebellar
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What is Marchia Fava Bignari disease?
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italian wine drinker disease, involves progressive degeneraiton of corpus callosum
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pellagrous encephalopathy is due to __ deficiency.
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B 12
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etoh use can dull what 2 senses?
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taste and smell
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what are some common GI side effects of etohism?
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esophageal varices
gastritis esophagitis ulcers reflux |
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what type of hematological changes might you see in someone who uses chronic etoh?
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dec. serum albumin
iron deficiency anemia leukopenia elevated MCV thrombocytopenia |
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what can happen to the internal organs in chronic etohism?
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recurrent pancreatitis
enlarged spleen renal failure cardiomyapathy and CHF |
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what specifically can happen to the heart?
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afib
elevated BP increased HR cardiomyopathy and CHF |
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What effects can etohism have on the endocrine system?
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hypoglycemia-in acute intoxication
DM in long term use testicular atrophy/dec. testosterone inc. estrogen leading to menstrual irregularities, dec. libido, and orgasmic impairment |
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do etohics have increased or decreased susceptibility to infection?
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increased
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etohism puts pt's as greater risk for what CA's?
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mouth
tongue larynx esophagus liver stomach pancrease |
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what dermatological changes occur with etohism?
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facial telangectasia
palmer erythema spider angioma bruises |
