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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior, mood lability, impaired judgment, impaired social or occupational functioning
1 of following: slurred speech incoordination unsteady gait nystagmus impairment in attention or memory stupor or coma |
Alcohol Intoxication
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Intoxication (Acute)
Ensure ABC. Monitor electrolytes & acid–base status. Finger-stick glucose level to exclude hypoglycemia. Thiamine (4 Wernicke’s encephalopathy), naloxone (to reverse possible opioids), and folate Dependence (Long Term) 1. Alcoholics Anonymous—self-help group 2. Disulfiram (Antabuse) 3. Psychotherapy & SSRIs 4. Naltrexone— opioid antagonist reduces cravings for EtOH |
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inappropriate sexual or aggressive behavior, mood lability, impaired judgment, impaired social or occupational functioning
1 of following: slurred speech incoordination unsteady gait nystagmus impairment in attention or memory stupor or coma |
Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Intoxication
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Maintain ABC
Activated charcoal to prevent GI absorption For barbiturates only: Alkalinize urine with sodium bicarbonate to promote renal excretion. For benzodiazepines only: Flumazenil in overdose Supportive care—improve respiratory status, control hypotension |
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belligerence, assaultiveness, apathy, impaired judgment, impaired social or occupational functioning
2 of following: dizziness nystagmus incoordination slurred speech unsteady GAIT lethargy depressed reflexes psychomotor retardation tremor generalized MUSCLE weakness blurred vision or diplopia stupor or coma euphoria |
Inhalant Intoxication
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Monitor ABC
Symptomatic treatment as needed Psychotherapy and counseling for dependent patients |
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initial euphoria followed by apathy, dysphoria, psychomotor agitation or retardation, impaired judgment, or impaired social or occupational functioning
PUPIL CONSTRICT + 1 following: drowsiness or coma slurred speech impairment in attention or memory |
Opioid Intoxication
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Intoxication
Ensure ABC. Overdose naloxone or naltrexone (opiate antagonists) help respiratory depression, may cause severe withdrawal Dependence Oral methadone once daily, tapered over months to years Psychotherapy, support groups (Narcotics Anonymous, etc.) |
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euphoria or affective blunting; changes in sociability; hypervigilance; interpersonal sensitivity; anxiety, tension, or anger; stereotyped behaviors; impaired judgment; or impaired social or occupational functioning
2 of following: tachycardia or bradycardia pupillary dilation elevated or lowered blood pressure perspiration or chills nausea or vomiting evidence of weight loss psychomotor agitation or retardation muscular weakness, respiratory depression, chest pain, or cardiac arrhythmias confusion, seizures, dyskinesias, dystonias, or coma |
Amphetamine Intoxication
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1. For mild-to-moderate agitation: Benzodiazepines
2. For severe agitation or psychosis: Haloperidol 3. Symptomatic support (i.e., control hypertension, arrhythmias) |
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EUPHORIA or affective blunting; changes in sociability; HYPERVIGILENCE; interpersonal SENSITIVITY; anxiety, tension, or anger; stereotyped behaviors; impaired judgment; or impaired social or occupational functioning
2 of following: tachycardia or bradycardia pupillary dilation elevated or lowered blood pressure perspiration or chills nausea or vomiting evidence of weight loss psychomotor agitation or retardation muscular weakness, respiratory depression, chest pain, or cardiac arrhythmias confusion, seizures, dyskinesias, dystonias, or coma |
Cocaine Intoxication
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1. For mild-to-moderate agitation: Benzodiazepines
2. For severe agitation or psychosis: Haloperidol 3. Symptomatic support (i.e., control hypertension, arrhythmias) |
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5 of following:
restlessness nervousness excitement insomnia flushed face diuresis gastrointestinal disturbance muscle twitching rambling flow of thought and speech tachycardia or cardiac arrhythmia periods of inexhaustibility psychomotor agitation |
Caffeine Intoxication
excess of 250 mg |
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impaired motor coordination, euphoria, anxiety, sensation of slowed time, impaired judgment, social withdrawal
2 of following: conjunctival injection increased appetite dry mouth tachycardia |
Cannabis Intoxication
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marked anxiety or depression, ideas of reference, fear of losing one's mind, paranoid ideation, impaired judgment, or impaired social or occupational functioning
Perceptual changes occurring in a state of full wakefulness and alertness 2 of following: pupillary dilation tachycardia sweating palpitations blurring of vision tremors incoordination |
Hallucinogen Intoxication
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Guidance and reassurance (“talking down” the patient) are
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belligerence, assaultiveness, impulsiveness, unpredictability, psychomotor agitation, impaired judgment, or impaired social or occupational functioning
2 of following: vertical or horizontal NYSTAGMUS HTN or tachycardia numbness or diminished responsiveness to pain ataxia DYSARTHRIA muscle RIGIDITY seizures or coma hyperacusis |
Phencyclidine Intoxication
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Monitor blood pressure, temperature, and electrolytes.
Acidify urine with ammonium chloride and ascorbic acid. Benzodiazepines or dopamine antagonists to control agitation and anxiety Diazepam for muscle spasms and seizures Haloperidol to control severe agitation or psychotic symptoms |
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2 of following:
AUTONOMIC HYPERacitvity(e.g., sweating or pulse rate greater than 100) increased HAND TREMOR insomnia nausea or vomiting transient visual, tactile, or auditory HALLUCINATION or illusions psychomotor agitation anxiety grand mal seizures |
Alcohol Withdrawal
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Tapering doses of benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam)
Thiamine, folic acid, and a multivitamin to treat nutritional deficiencies Magnesium sulfate for postwithdrawal seizures |
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2 of following
autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., sweating or pulse rate greater than 100) increased hand tremor insomnia nausea or vomiting transient visual, tactile, or auditory hallucinations or illusions psychomotor agitation anxiety grand mal seizures |
Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Withdrawal
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Administration of a long-acting benzodiazepine ie. chlorodiazepoxide or diazepam, with tapering dose
Tegretol or valproic acid may be used for seizure control. |
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3 of following:
dysphoric mood nausea or vomiting muscle aches LACRIMATION or rhinorrhea PUPIL DILATION, PILOERECTION, or sweating diarrhea YAWNING fever insomnia |
Opioid Withdrawal
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Moderate symptoms: Clonidine and/or buprenorphine
Severe symptoms: Detox with methadone tapered over 7 days. |
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2 of following:
fatigue vivid, unpleasant dreams insomnia or hypersomnia increased appetite psychomotor retardation or agitation |
Amphetamine Withdrawal
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Usually supportive—let patient sleep off crash.
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Dysphoric mood + 2 of following:
fatigue vivid, unpleasant dreams insomnia or hypersomnia increased appetite psychomotor retardation or agitation |
Cocaine Withdrawal
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Usually supportive—let patient sleep off crash.
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abrupt cessesation & 4 of following:
dysphoric or depressed mood insomnia irritability, frustration, or anger anxiety difficulty concentrating restlessness decreased heart rate increased appetite or weight gain |
Nicotine Withdrawal
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Smoking cessation with the aid of:
1. Behavioral counseling 2. Nicotine replacement therapy (gum, transdermal patch) 3. Zyban—antidepressant that helps reduce cravings 4. Clonidine |
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reexperiencing, following cessation of use of a hallucinogen, of one or more of the perceptual symptoms that were experienced while intoxicated with the hallucinogen (e.g., geometric hallucinations, false perceptions of movement in the peripheral visual fields, flashes of color, intensified colors, trails of images of moving objects, positive afterimages, halos around objects, macropsia, and micropsia).
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Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (Flashbacks)
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