Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
143 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
contraindications for use of clozapine
|
agraunlocytosis and risk of seizures
|
|
|
treatment for tardive dyskinesia
|
clozapine
|
|
|
anti-psychotics to control negative symptoms
|
clozapine
olanzepine |
|
|
this anti-psychotic may cause photosensitization
|
chlorpromazine
|
|
|
first-line treatment for OCD
|
high-dose SSRI
|
|
|
most common stroke location for post-CVA depression
|
left frontal lobe
|
|
|
treatment of choice for acute mania
|
lithium
|
|
|
define manic delerium
|
extreme mania with activities that are life threatening
|
|
|
oral contraceptives increase the risk of what psychiatric disorder
|
depression
|
|
|
first-line pharmacotherapy
|
SSRI
|
|
|
anti-depressants associated with hypertensive crisis
|
patient on dopamine antagonist
|
|
|
a 17 year old female has left arm paralysis after her boyfriend dies in a car crash, no medical cause is found
|
conversion disorder
|
|
|
defense mechanism: a mother who is angry at her husband yells at her child
|
displacement
|
|
|
defense mechanism: a pedophile enters a monastery
|
reaction formation
|
|
|
defense mechanism: a womanly calmly describes a grisly murder
|
isolation
|
|
|
defense mechanism: a hospitalized 10 year old begins to wet his bed
|
regression
|
|
|
amenorrhea, bardycardia, abnormal body image in a young female
|
anorexia
|
|
|
life-threatening muscle rigidity, fever, rhabdomyolysis
|
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
|
|
|
a 35 year old male has recurrent episodes of palpitations, diaphoresis and fear of going crazy
|
panic disorder
|
|
|
the most serious side-effect of clozapine
|
agranulocytosis
|
|
|
a 21 year old male has three months of social withdrawal, worsening grades, flattened affect and concrete thinking
|
schizophreniform disorder (diagnosis of schizophrenia requires >6mo symptoms)
|
|
|
key side effects of atypical anti-psychotics
|
weight gain, type 2 DM, prolonged QT interval
|
|
|
a young weight lifter receives IF haloperidol and complains that his eyes are deviated sideways (name diagnosis and treatment)
|
acute dystonia (oculogyric crisis), treat with benztropine or diphenhydramine
|
|
|
medication to avoid in patients with history of alcohol withdrawal seizures
|
neuroleptics
|
|
|
a 13 year old male has as history of theft, vandalism and violence towards family pets
|
conduct disorder
|
|
|
a 5 month old girl has decreased head growth, truncal dyscoordination, and decreased social interaction
|
Rett's disorder
|
|
|
a patient hasn't slept for days, lost $20,000 gambling, is agitated and has pressured speech... diagnosis? treatment?
|
acute mania, start mood stabilizer (i.e. lithium)
|
|
|
after a minor fender bender a man wears a neck brace and requests permanent disability
|
malingering
|
|
|
a nurse presents with severe hypoglycemia; blood analysis reveals no elevation in C-peptide
|
factitious disorder (Munchausen syndrome)
|
|
|
a patient continues to use cocaine after being in jail, losing his job and not paying child support
|
substance abuse
|
|
|
a violent patient has vertical and horizontal nystagmus
|
PCP intoxication
|
|
|
a woman who was abused as a child frequently feels outside of or detached from her body
|
depersonalization disorder
|
|
|
a man has repeated, intense urges to rub his body against unsuspecting passengers on the bus
|
frotteurism (a paraphilia)
|
|
|
a schizophrenic patient takes haloperidol for one year and develops uncontrollable tongue movements... diagnosis? treatment?
|
tardive dyskinesia; discontinue haloperidol and consider another anti-psychotic (risperidone, clozapine, etc.)
|
|
|
a man unexpectedly flies across the country, takes a new name, and has no memory of his prior life
|
dissociative fugue
|
|
|
what causes Wernicke's syndrome
|
low thiamine levels
|
|
|
what part of the brain is damaged with Wernicke's syndrome
|
mammillary bodies and dorsal-medial nucleas of the thalamus
|
|
|
hallmark of TCA toxicity
|
widened QRS (>100 msec)
|
|
|
method of action of TCAs
|
inhibit reuptake of NE and serotonin
|
|
|
treatment for TCA overdose
|
IV bicarb
|
|
|
side effects of TCAs
|
anti-HMA (anti-histamine, anti-muscarinic, anti-adrenergic)
|
|
|
method of action of MAOIs
|
inhibit the breakdown of NE, serotonin, dopamine, tyramine
|
|
|
serotonin syndrome results when you mix what two classes of drugs together? what is the first step in treating it?
|
it occurs when you mix SSRI's with MAOIs; first step is to stop taking the medications
|
|
|
consuming tyramine-rich foods or sympathomimetics while on an MAOI can lead to what?
|
hypertensive crisis
|
|
|
what is the most common side-effect from SSRIs?
|
sexual dysfunction
|
|
|
atypical anti-depressants
|
SNRI (serotonin/NE reuptake inhibitor)
NDRI (NE/dopamine reuptake inhibitor) SARI (serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor) NASA (NE and serotonin antagonist) |
|
|
buproprion must be used with caution in patients with what disease and why?
|
epilepsy; lowers seizure threshold
|
|
|
what is the most common adverse reaction to trazadone?
|
priapism (trazadone raises the bone)
|
|
|
typical anti-psychotics work on which receptors?
|
dopamine
|
|
|
atypical anti-psychotics work on which receptors?
|
serotonin and dopamine (less potent at dopamine receptors than with the typicals)
|
|
|
which traditional anti-psychotics can be given as deconoate (long-acting) injections
|
haloperidol
fluphenazine |
|
|
which neuroleptics (traditional versus ayptical) are better at controlling negative hallucinations?
|
atypical anti-psychotics
|
|
|
which class of drugs are first-line for depression?
|
SSRI
|
|
|
which atypical anti-psychotics are approved to treat mania?
|
Quetiapine and ziprasidone
|
|
|
what dangerous side-effect can clozapine cause?
|
agranulocytosis
|
|
|
what is the drug of choice for acute mania?
|
lithium
|
|
|
what are the two major side-effects of lithium?
|
hypothyroidism
nephrogenic diabetes |
|
|
carbamazepine can lead to what birth defect?
|
neural tube defects
|
|
|
what class of drugs are first-line anxiolytics?
|
benzodiazepines
|
|
|
benzodiazepines work on which receptors?
|
GABA
|
|
|
name two drugs for insomnia that work on selective GABA receptors that are not benzo's and are non-habit forming
|
Zolpidem, Zaleplon
|
|
|
what drug can be used as a BZD alternative for treating anxiety?
|
Buspirone
|
|
|
name the drug class: imipramine
|
TCA
|
|
|
name the drug class: amitriptyline
|
TCA
|
|
|
name the drug class: trimipramine
|
TCA
|
|
|
name the drug class: despiramine
|
TCA
|
|
|
name the drug class: clomipramine
|
TCA
|
|
|
name the drug class: doxepin
|
TCA
|
|
|
name the drug class: phenelzine
|
MAOI
|
|
|
name the drug class: tranylaypromine
|
MAOI
|
|
|
name the drug class: isocarboxzid
|
MAOI
|
|
|
name the drug class: fluoxetine
|
SSRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: sertraline
|
SSRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: paroxetine
|
SSRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: fluvoxamine
|
SSRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: citalopram
|
SSRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: escitalopram
|
SSRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: venlafaxine
|
SNRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: buproprion
|
MDRI
|
|
|
name the drug class: nefazodone
|
SARI
|
|
|
name the drug class: trazadone
|
SARI
|
|
|
name the drug class: mirtazapine
|
NASA
|
|
|
name the drug class and potency: chlorpromazine
|
traditional anti-psychotic, low potency
|
|
|
name the drug class and potency: thioridazone
|
traditional anti-psychotic, low potency
|
|
|
name the drug class and potency: haloperidol
|
traditional anti-psychotic; high potency
|
|
|
name the drug class and potency: fluphenzaine
|
traditional anti-psychotic; high potency
|
|
|
name the drug class and potency: trifluoperazine
|
traditional anti-psychotic; high potency
|
|
|
name the drug class and potency: perphenazine
|
traditional anti-psychotic; high potency
|
|
|
name the drug class and potency: pimozide
|
traditional anti-psychotic; high potency
|
|
|
name the drug class: clozapine
|
atypical anti-psychotic
|
|
|
name the drug class: risperidone
|
atypical anti-psychotic
|
|
|
name the drug class: quetiapine
|
atypical anti-psychotic
|
|
|
name the drug class: olanzapine
|
atypical anti-psychotic
|
|
|
name the drug class: zisprosidone
|
atypical anti-psychotic
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: chloradiazepoxide
|
BZD, long-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: diazepam
|
BZD, long-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: flurazepam
|
BZD, long-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: alprazolam
|
BZD, intermediate-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: clonazepam
|
BZD, intermediate-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: lorazepam
|
BZD, intermediate-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: temazepam
|
BZD, intermediate-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: oxazepam
|
BZD, short-acting
|
|
|
name the drug class and length of action: triazolam
|
BZD, short-acting
|
|
|
name the psychiatric use: lithium
|
mood stabilizer
|
|
|
name the psychiatric use: carbamazepine
|
mood stabilizer
|
|
|
name the psychiatric use: valproic acid
|
mood stabilizer
|
|
|
a catastrophic deterioration of cognitive functions, social awareness, and adaptive behavior that starts after two years of normal development
|
pervasive developmental disorder
|
|
|
a misinterpretation of a real sensory stimulus
|
illusion
|
|
|
a false belief that is not supported by fact and cannot be challenged successfully by logic or reason
|
delusion
|
|
|
False beliefs that can change in the face of strong evidence
|
overvalued idea
|
|
|
a rapid succession of unrelated or fragmentary thoughts
|
flight of ideas
|
|
|
communication of unnecessary details before finally arriving at the central idea
|
circumstantiality
|
|
|
events, objects, or persons in one’s environment that are believed to have
particular personal significance |
delusion of reference
|
|
|
the belief that other people or malevolent entities intend to harm the individual
|
persecutory delusion
|
|
|
The capacity to generalize
and to formulate concepts |
abstract thinking
|
|
|
which antipsychotics will relieve the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
|
clozapine, olanzepine
|
|
|
what is the treatment of choice for OCD for both adults and peds?
|
buproprion
|
|
|
what is a subjective feeling of restlessness, inability to sit still, pacing, shifting, etc. referred to as?
|
akathisia
|
|
|
what is the treatment of choice for akathisia?
|
beta-blocker
|
|
|
which insomia drug is known to cause priapism? and does this occur more at higher or lower doses?
|
trazadone, lower doses = higher risk
|
|
|
what is the lethal dose of TCAs?
|
2-3 grams
|
|
|
what drug is often used to reverse negative side-effects of SSRIs?
|
Cyproeptadine
|
|
|
which class of drugs increase lithium levels and often cause toxicity?
|
NSAIDs
|
|
|
birth defect associated with carbamazepine and valproate
|
neural tube defects
|
|
|
which class of antidepressants carries anticholinergic side-effects?
|
TCAs; highest is in amitriptyline
|
|
|
which class of anti-depressants can interact with warfarin via P450 inhibition?
|
SSRIs; especially sertraline, paroxetine, and fluvoxamine
|
|
|
which drugs can be used to treat Tourettes?
|
dopamine antagonists; mainly Haloperidol and pimozide
|
|
|
which drugs are used to treat Tourettes in children with ADHD?
|
clonidine and guanfacine
|
|
|
which drug is the preferred
treatment for psychotic symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease? |
clozapine
|
|
|
how long does it take for lithium to become effective?
|
7-14 days
|
|
|
if a patient on clozapine develops seizures what drug should you add to their regimen?
|
valproate
|
|
|
what drugs are used to treat the hyperarousalability associated with PTSD?
|
clonidine or propanolol
|
|
|
what OTC drug should be avoided by people taking MAOIs?
|
pseudoephedrine
|
|
|
what drug should be used for children with ADHD and nocturnal eneuresis?
|
imipramine
|
|
|
what is the target levels of lithium for acute mania?
|
1.0-1.5 mEq
|
|
|
what are the two common side-effects of TCAs?
|
orthostatic hypotension, prolonged QRS
|
|
|
classic delusion with cocaine, amphetamine use
|
sensation of bugs crawling on skin
|
|
|
treatment for acute dystonia
|
IV diphenhydramine
|
|
|
treatment for Parkinsonism
|
benzotropine (anti-cholinergic)
|
|
|
treatment for NMS
|
dantrolene
|
|
|
pharmacotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder
|
buspirone or beta-blockers
|
|
|
patients who see nothing wrong with their behavior (ego syntonic or dystonic)
|
ego syntonic
|
|
|
patients who recognize their hallucinations (ego syntonic or dystonic)
|
ego dystonic
|
