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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Indoleakylamine
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Chemical structure related to Serotonin (5HT)
Psychedelic category |
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Phenylethylamine
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Chemical structure related to Norepinephrine (NE)
Psychedelic category |
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Psychedelic Indoleaklyamine Examples (4)
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Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
Psilocybin (mushrooms) Dimethyltryptamine (synthetic) Diethyltryptamine (synthetic) |
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Psychedelic Phenylethylamine Examples (2)
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Mescaline (peyote cactus)
Dimethoxymethylamphetamine (synthetic) |
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Miscellaneous Psychedelic Drug Examples (5)
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MDMA (ecstasy)
Phencyclidine (PCP) Ketamine (Special K) Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) |
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Mechanism of Action for LSD
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LSD interferes with the brain's serotonin's receptors. It can stimulate and/or inhibit the neurotransmitter. This occurs in visual perception in the retina also.
It primarily stimulates serotonin 5HT2a receptros. |
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Serotonin 5HT2a Receptors Action
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When there is stimulation of 5HT2a receptor, hyperpolarization and neuronal INHIBITION occurs.
Path: binding activates G protein cascade with increased PI turnover, activation of protein kinase C and activation of K channels with EFFLUX of K from the neuron. This cause inhibition and hyperpolarization in the neuron. 5HT2a receptors are found in the Raphe neurons serving as autoreceptors to inhibit cell firing. |
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Pharmacological Effects: Psychedelic Effects
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Wave-like recurrences, synesthesia, labile mood, altered sense of time.
Auditory hallucinations are rare. |
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Pharmacological Effects: Somatic Effects
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These are due to the sympathetic nervous system.
Pupillary dilation, tachycardia/hypertension, hyperreflexia, tremor, nauseas, GI cramping, hyperthermia, piloerection. |
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Duration of Idoleakylamine vs phenylethaylamine
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Idoleakylamines vary greatly.
Phenylethaylamines are long lasting. Anywhere from 12-18 hrs to 24-48 hrs. |
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Tolerance & Dependence
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Partial tolerance can develop after one dose.
Complete tolerance after 2-3 doses. No withdrawal symptoms!! |
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Adverse Effect of MDMA
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serotonin neurotoxicity
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Effects of MDMA
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Mood: lift, willingness to communicate, increased energy, love, awareness of senses
Eyes: visual distortion, nystagmus Symp: increased heart rate & BP, restlessness. CNS: can't concentrate, short term memory impairment, nausa/vomiting, sexual dysfunction, dizzines, headache Bad: Depression, psychological crisis, liver toxicity, neurotoxicity, death (2/100,000) |
