Psych Test Two

Front 1

Personal identity

Back 1

 the organizing principle of the personality that accounts for the individual’s unity, continuity, consistency, and uniqueness

Front 2

• Dissociative disorders

Back 2

o Disturbance or alteration in the normally integrative functions of identity, memory, consciousness, or perception of the environment.

Front 3

o Dissociative Amnesia

Back 3

 One or more episodes of sudden inability to recall important personal information or stressful event that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness

Front 4

o Dissociative Fugue

Back 4

 Sudden, unexpected travel away from home or customary workplace.
 Unable to recall personal identity. Assumption of a new identity or confusion about one’s identity is common

Front 5

• Depersonalization

Back 5

o a disturbance in the perception of oneself. (Oriented to time, place & person) Can say your name but have a sense of being detached form your environment.
o Described as an alteration in the perception of the external environment
o Symptoms often accompanied by anxiety, dizziness, fear of going insane, depression, obsessive thoughts, somatic complaints, and a disturbance in the subjective sense of time because reality doesn’t feel real to you

Front 6

• Dissociative identity disorder

Back 6

o Characterized by the existence of two or more personalities within a single individual.
o The person or “host” is not aware of other personalities (alters). Almost like when you black out when drinking
o The transition from one personality to another is usually sudden, often dramatic, preceded by a headache, and usually precipitated by stress.

Front 7

o Personality disorders

Back 7

 Personality traits are rigid, inflexible, and maladaptive
axis 2

Front 8

 Maladaptive behaviors r/t personality disorders

Back 8

impulsiveness
narcissistic
manipulation

Front 9

• Cluster a

Back 9

o Behaviors that are described as odd or eccentric

o Paranoid Personality Disorder
o Schizoid Personality Disorder
o Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Front 10

o Paranoid Personality Disorder

Back 10

 Expects exploitation
 Questions loyalty & trustworthiness of friends
 Reads hidden meaning into innocuous events
 Holds grudges
 Reluctant to confide
 Easily slighted and quickly reacts with anger
 Questions spouse’s fidelity

Front 11

o Schizoid Personality Disorder

Back 11

 No desire for close relationships
 Prefers solitary activities
 No strong emotions
 Indifferent to praise or criticism
 Little interest for sexual contact
 No confidants
 Constricted affect- no ability to demonstrate happiness or sadness
 Often alone and doing things by themselves

Front 12

o Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Back 12

 Ideas of reference-always referring to themselves
 Excessive social anxiety
 Odd beliefs (such as “sixth sense”)
 Unusual perceptual experiences
 Odd or eccentric behavior or appearance
 No friends, intimate others
 Odd speech
 Constricted affect
 Suspiciousness

Front 13

cluster b

Back 13

o Behaviors that are described as dramatic, emotional, or erratic

o Antisocial Personality Disorder
o Borderline Personality Disorder
o Histrionic Personality Disorder
o Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Front 14

o Antisocial Personality Disorder

Back 14

• Unstable work history
• Fails to conform to social norms
• Irritable and aggressive
• Fails to honor financial obligations
• Fails to plan ahead (homeless)
• No regard for truth
• Irresponsible parenting style
• Not able to sustain monogamous relationship
• Violates rights of others
• Lacks remorse

Front 15

o Borderline Personality Disorder

Back 15

• Intense fear of abandonment
• Unstable, intense interpersonal relationships
• Marked impulsivity-so high risk of self directed violence and injury. Person manipulates you to get one to one, bc then they have someone around. But then they’ll be annoyed that someone’s always around
• Affective instability
• Anger problems
• Chronic suicidal ideation, self-mutilation
• Identity disturbance (values, sex, career)
• Boredom

Front 16

o Histrionic Personality Disorder

Back 16

• Constantly seeks attention
• Inappropriately sexually seductive
• Over-concerned with appearance
• Expresses emotion with exaggeration
• Uncomfortable when not center of attention
• Shifting and shallow emotions
• Self-centered
• Impressionistic and superficial

Front 17

o Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Back 17

• Reacts to criticism with rage and humiliation
• Interpersonally exploitative
• Grandiose
• Believes his/her problems to be unique
• Preoccupied with fantasies of greatness
• Sense of entitlement-I should be getting…!
• Constant need for attention
• Lacks empathy
• Envious

Front 18

• Cluster C

Back 18

o Behaviors that are describes as anxious or fearful

o Dependent Personality Disorder
o Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
o Avoidant Personality Disorder

Front 19

o Dependent Personality Disorder

Back 19

• Unable to make decisions
• Allows others to make important decisions
• Agrees with others, even if wrong because they don’t want to be rejected by the person
• Difficulty initiating on own
• Volunteers in order to gain acceptance
• Uncomfortable being alone
• Devastated when close relationships end
• Fearful of abandonment
• Hurt by disapproval

Front 20

o Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Back 20

• Perfectionistic
• Details, rules, lists
• Insists on doing it one way – theirs
• Excessive devotion to work
• Indecisive because don’t want to do it the wrong way
• Overconscientious, inflexible
• Restricts affection
• Lacks generosity

Front 21

o Avoidant Personality Disorder

Back 21

• Easily hurt, insulted
• No close friends
• Unwilling to get involved unless certain to be liked
• Avoid interpersonal contact
• Socially uncomfortable
• Fears of being embarrassed
• Exaggerates dangers and risks
• Very, very shy and they’ll only do things with you if they think you really, really like them

Front 22

• Signs of addiction

Back 22

o Greater tolerance with withdraw symptoms
o Loss of control over quality
o Greater focus on obtaining alcohol with less focus on daily responsibilities

Front 23

assessment of drinking o CAGE 4 items highly reliable (1 or greater indicates problem)

Back 23

 Have you ever felt that you ought to cut down on your drinking
 Have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
 Have you ever felt bad or guilty about your drinking?
 Have you ever had an eye-opener to steady your nerves or get rid of a hangover?

Front 24

• CNS depressants

Back 24

o Alcohol, Anti-anxiety, Sedative/Hypnotic

o Withdrawal: tremors, irritability, n/v, seizures, hallucinations, insomnia
o Overdose/Treatment: no antidote, benzodiazepines, B vitamins to decrease likelihood of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (memory problems)

Front 25

• CNS stimulants

Back 25

o Amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy
o Withdrawal: anxiety, depressed mood, cravings, alt sleep patterns, suicidal ideation
o Overdose/Tx: respiratory depress(ventill); dysrythmias (lidocaine, propranolol, hypertension or seizures (benzos)

Front 26

• Opiods
o

Back 26

Heroin, vicodin, oxycotin, codeine, methadone
o Withdrawal-cravings, n/v, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, diaphoresis, insomnia, dilated pupils (mydriasis)
o Overdose/Tx-pulmonary edema, coma; Narcan-narcotic agonist

Front 27

• Hallucinogens

Back 27

o LSD, Mescaline, PCP, GHB, MDAMA(Ecstasy)

o Withdrawal-none, but flashbacks & permanent psychosis possible
o Overdose/Tx-seizures, hyperthermia, accidental death, suicide; none

Front 28

• Motivational strategies
o A-Frames
alcoholism

Back 28

 Assessment
 Feedback (objective)
 Responsibility for change on pt
 Advice about changing-clear, objective
 Menus of options
 Empathic counseling
 Self-efficacy

Front 29

• Differentiation

Back 29

o degree to which a person defines self as separate from others, individuation or emotional maturity
o

Front 30

• Triangles

Back 30

o Emotional configurations consisting of two person system and outsider, tension builds, third person drawn in.
o Major parental triangle (mother - father - child) - decreases anxiety initially, original two people involved avoid conflict,

Front 31

o Boundaries

Back 31

 Define levels of participation and interaction among subsystems

Front 32

Mental Retardation

Back 32

 Significantly subaverage intellectual and adaptive functioning beginning before age 18 (IQ of 70 or less).

Front 33

Learning Disorders AND Communication Disorders

Back 33

 Developmental delay that leads to functional impairment. Discovered most often at school age.
 Generally centered around reading (dyslexia), arithmetic, written and verbal expression (stuttering).

Front 34

Pervasive Developmental Disorders (Autistic Disorder)

Back 34

 Withdrawal of the child into self and into a fantasy world of their own creation.
 Characterized by very early distortions in the development of three areas: social interaction, behavioral patterns, and communication.
 Abnormalities of eating and sleeping
 lack of emotional reciprocity
 odd responses to sensory stimuli
 communication problems
q

Front 35

• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Back 35

o Developmentally inappropriate problems in maintaining attention, impulsive, and hyperactive.
o Highly distractible with limited attention span; difficulty forming satisfactory interpersonal relationships; low frustration tolerance and outbursts of temper; excessive levels of activity, restlessness, and fidgeting.
o First line medication management with CNS stimulants

Front 36

• Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Back 36

o Pattern of negativistic, defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior toward authority figures.
o Passive-aggressive behavior is a hallmark.

Front 37

• Conduct Disorder

Back 37

o Repetitive and persistent pattern of misconduct at home, at school, and in the community.
o Manifested by violation of the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules.
o Lack of appropriate empathy, remorse, or guilt are hallmark behaviors.
o If any remorse is expressed it is usually insincere and fabricated to reduce or prevent punishment.

Front 38

• Manipulation

Back 38

o Others are treated like objects
o Control issues
o Self-oriented or goal-oriented-NOT OTHER ORIENTED

Front 39

• Narcissism

Back 39

o Fragile self-esteem
o Constantly seeking praise
o Egocentric
o Rage when others aren’t supportive
o Takes credit for things they didn’t do-they’ll manipulate you into doing something and then taking credit for it
o Mad if someone does better than them

Front 40

• Impulsivity

Back 40

o Inability to plan
o Inability to learn from experiences
o Poor judgment
o Unreliability

Front 41

signs and symptoms of alcohol withdraw

Back 41

o CNS excitation (restlessness, agitation, seizures) excessive ANS function (n &v, tachycardia, tremors, hypertension) and cognitive dysfunction-impaired concentration, memory,insomnia,anxiety,
o Alcoholic hallucinosis-begins within 48 hours of hours of alcohol abstinence-no clouding of sensorium-visual, auditory and tactile
o Delirium Tremens (

Front 42

o Biopsychosocial theories related to perpetrator of family violence

Back 42

 Neurobiologic theory - decrease in serotonin levels and increase in norepinephrine
 implicated in lack of control, loss of temper and explosive rage.
 Assess for head injuries and seizures (perpetrator)

Front 43

o Interpersonal theory

Back 43

family abuse
 Urgent need for nurturing
 80% of male abusers grew up in home in which they were abused or saw mothers being abused(70% of abusers who abuse partner also abuse children)
 Lacks assertiveness and anger management skills

Front 44

o Social learning theory of agression

Back 44

 If violence is rewarded by gain in power, behavior is reinforced.
 Norms allow dominance and violence.
 Learned helplessness – survivors often see themselves as powerless, passive with no control over the abuse.

Front 45

o Empowerment model

Back 45

 1. mutual sharing of knowledge and information
 2. nurse works with survivor to come up with solutions
 3. survivors helped to recognize society’s willingness to tolerate violence
 4. nurse values competence/experience of survivor

Front 46

• Public Health Prevention model

Back 46

o Reduce overall risk by servicing high risk groups in the community
o Community Needs Assessment-social indicators, key informants, community forums, epidemiological studies
o Identifying & Prioritizing high risk groups
o Primary, Secondary and Tertiary prevention interventions

Front 47

• Nursing Prevention Model

Back 47

o Risk factors: predisposing characteristics that increase risk of developing disorder
o Protective factors: coping resources & coping mechanisms that improve response to stress
o Vulnerability: those with maladaptive coping responses to specific stressors or risk factors
o Human responses: how person responds to stressors indicates what assistance they may need (Nursing diagnosis)

Front 48

• Health Belief model

Back 48

o Framework for understanding why some people take specific actions to avoid illness & others fail to protect themselves
o Tries to predict which people would and which would not take preventive health measures
o Looks at factors that influence one’s decision to change behavior
o Behavior depends on
 Individual perceptions: Perceived threat (susceptibility & severity), perceived benefits, perceived barriers
 Modifying factors (demographic, socio-psychological, structure-contact & knowledge)
 Likelihood of action/change

Front 49

• Behavior Change Interventions

Back 49

o Apply learning theories to problems of living with the aim of helping people overcome difficulties in everyday life.
o Providers must assess readiness to change
o Tailor interventions based on readiness.

Front 50

o Macrolevel interventions

Back 50

 Community and society

Front 51

phases of group concepts

Back 51

 Phases: Initial (Joining), Middle (Working) & End (Termination)