Psych Test 2

Front 1

Performance

Back 1

What an organism actually does

Front 2

Learning

Back 2

Relatively permanent change in behavior that is due to experience with environment

Front 3

Reinforcement

Back 3

Any stimulus whose presentation leads to the strengthening of responses that came before it

Front 4

Contiguity

Back 4

The closeness in time between two events

Front 5

Stimulus Discrimination

Back 5

Organism learns to respond to one stimulus and not another.

Front 6

Ivan Pavlov

Back 6

Nobel prize for work on salvation and gastric function in dogs

Front 7

Law of Exercise

Back 7

Stimulus response connections are strengthened by practice

Front 8

Law Of Effect

Back 8

Stimulus response connections are strengthened by reward

Front 9

Skinners Ingredients for Learning

Back 9

Level of motivation, terminal response, structured environment, successive approximations

Front 10

Continuous Reinforcement

Back 10

Reinforcement for every response of the correct type.

Front 11

Fixed Interval

Back 11

Reinforcement for the first response after a given delay since the previous reinforcement.

Front 12

Variable Interval

Back 12

Reinforcement for the first response that follows an unpredictable delay

Front 13

Fixed Ratio

Back 13

Reinforcement following the completion of a set number of responses

Front 14

Variable ratio

Back 14

reinforcement for an unpredictable number of responses that varies around a mean value

Front 15

Trichromatic Theory

Back 15

Suggests that we perceive color through the relative rates of response by three types of cones.

Front 16

Opponent Process Theory

Back 16

Suggests that we perceive color in terms of paired opposites.

Front 17

Pheromones

Back 17

Chemical substances within species which, when they become gaseous are detected by other species members to signal sexual activity, danger, territorial boundaries.

Front 18

Dominant Hemisphere

Back 18

responsible for speech, writing, thinking

Front 19

Minor hemisphere

Back 19

responsible for perceptual functions, emotional functions, monitoring functions.

Front 20

E.B. Twitmyer

Back 20

Neurologist at Penn State, discovered classical conditioning.

Front 21

Spontaneous Recovery

Back 21

Returning animal to place where ti was conditioned will result in reappearance of the behavior

Front 22

Unconditional Stimulus

Back 22

A stimulus that has a capacity to elicit a response without a prior history of conditioning, eg food can unconditionally elicit salivation

Front 23

Conditional Stimulus

Back 23

A stimulus that owes its capacity to a history of association with an unconditional stimulus, eg the bell in a salivary conditioning