Psych Quiz #4 Study Guide

Front 1

The INITIAL process of receiving and briefly holding information from the environment

Back 1

SENSORY Memory

Front 2

Holds a LIMITED amount of information for up to 30secs

Back 2

Short-Term Memory

Front 3

Storage for nearly limitless amount of information, over time

Back 3

Long-Term Memory

Front 4

Two types of memory found in the Sensory Memory

Back 4

Iconic -- VISUAL
Echoic -- AUDITORY

Front 5

7+/-2

Back 5

Average amount of information the short-term memory can hold

Front 6

The INTENTIONAL rehearsal/repetition of information so it remains in the STM longer

Back 6

Maintenance Rehearsal

Front 7

When new information pushes old 'old' information in the STM

Back 7

Interference

Front 8

Combining Individual items into a larger unit & storing the 'chunks'

Back 8

Chunking

Front 9

Three Main Functions of STM

Back 9

1. Adaptive: Allows us to attend to relevant information & ignore irrelevant

2. Hold information for a short period of time, until we can decide what to do with it.

3. Helps encode & store information for later use.

Front 10

The process of Short-term memory:

Back 10

Sensory Memory + Attention = Short-term Memory

Front 11

Occurs through attention, rehearsal, and association

Back 11

Encoding

Front 12

The process of accessing information in long-term memrying and bringing it into short-term memory

Back 12

Retrieval

Front 13

Retrieval is conditional, it depends on:

Back 13

How well the information was encoded, and Interference also plays a role in retrieving information

Front 14

The two effects which say a subject will recall information received first and information received last:

Back 14

Primacy Effect & Recency Effect

Front 15

H.M. Had surgery to alleviate seizures. Afterwards he couldnot form new memories. The study of H.M.'s brain has led to the discovery of:

Back 15

Two forms of Long-Term Memory:
Declarative -- Memory of Facts (learned)

Procedural -- Memory of actions (riding a bike)

Front 16

Declarative Memory has two parts:

Back 16

Semantic -- knowledge of facts

Episodic -- knowledge of specific events, experiences (hobbies, favorite foods, etc)

Front 17

The Process of Memory:

Back 17

Sensory --> Short-Term --> Encoding --> Long-Term

Front 18

State-Dependent Learning

Back 18

Easier to retrieve encoded information when we are in the same emotional and/or physiological state as when information was encoded

Front 19

Context Effects

Back 19

The phenomena of having conditions similar as to when you learned (same classroom, chair, etc)

Front 20

Cortex houses:

Back 20

Short-term memory (in the moment memories)
Long-term memory Storange

Front 21

Amygdala

Back 21

Emotional Memory

Front 22

Hippocampus

Back 22

Transfer point between short-term and long-term memory