Psych - Psychotherapy

Front 1

Important characteristics of counseling process

Back 1

Counselor demonstrates empathy, is supportive, provides rational explanation to the pt, and is socially sanctioned.

Also, provides coping strategies, maintains strict confidentiality.

Front 2

Linkages in counseling

Back 2

Linking thoughts, emotions, behaviors, physical sx. Changing one can lead to changes in the other (cognitive behavioral therapy)

Linking past to present (psychoanalysis, psychodynamic psychotherapy, some aspects of cognitive therapy)

Linking patient to others (therapist, family, other supports) to support change (all types of therapy)

Linking pt to higher power or other meaning in life

Front 3

Supportive therapies

Back 3

A type of psychotherapy

Includes supportive therapy (coping with diff situations), crisis intervention (brief problem solving) and mutual self-help (e.g. support group of peers like AA)

Front 4

Expressive psychotherapies

Back 4

A type or psychotherapy

Developing insight or better understanding of meaning of current behavior, sx or situation. Explores unconsc thought/feelings. Stressful and requires that the pt is pretty high functioning.

Psychoanalysis
Psychodynamic psychotherapy
Insight-oriented psychotherapy

Front 5

Psychoanalysis

Back 5

Freud

Focus on past and relate it to the present

Time-consuming and costly.

Involves the unconscious, conflicts and transference

Front 6

Psychoanalytic therapy

Back 6

Freud

Focus on past and relate it to the present

More problem-focused and short-term

Involves the unconscious, conflicts and transference

Front 7

Transference

Back 7

A redirection of feelings from one person to another.

Front 8

Insight oriented therapy

Back 8

A type of expressive therapy (psychotherapy)

Focus more on present and a focus on relationships.

Front 9

Behavior therapy

Back 9

Type of psychotherapy

Focus on changing behavior rather than understanding the problem - used to tx mood, anxiety, psychotic and substance use disorders.

Train pt in relaxation, social skills, preventing response after exposure and managing contingency.

Front 10

Cognitive therapies

Back 10

Type of psychotherapy

Focus on changing cognitions (patterns of thinking) that contribute to the problem.

Developed by Aaron Beck

Tx for most mental illnesses

Often combined with behavioral therapies

Triangle linkage btwn behavior, cognition and emotions.

Front 11

Couples/family therapies

Back 11

Type of psychotherapy. Can be from any psychtherapy model

Front 12

Group therapy

Back 12

Type of psychotherapy. Can be a cost-effective way to provide tx and allow for peer support and learning.

Can be from any psychotherapy model.

Front 13

Behavior therapy is best for which illnesses?

Back 13

Ones with abnormal BEHAVIOR.

e.g. eating disorder, OCD, substance abuse.

Front 14

Classical conditioning

Back 14

Used in behavior therapy.

Stimulus pairing can explain the development of psycopath and can alter patient's behavior.

Front 15

Operant conditioning

Back 15

Used in behavioral therapy.

Positive (in this case) reinforcement on unpredictable schedules are most efficient at maintaining behavior.

Front 16

Typical tx sequence for behavioral therapy

Back 16

Explain rationale for tx, ID problem behaviors, have pt monitor behaviors, teach strategies for changing behavior, model new behavior, practice behavior, give pt homework to practice and monitor using new technique, follow-up on homework.

Front 17

Effect behavioral techniques (4)

Back 17

Relaxation/breathing - mood, anxiety, anger, substance use, somatoform, pain

Social skills - depression, social anxiety disorder, scz, substance use

Contingency mngmt - child behavior disorders an ddrug use

Exposure - mood and anxiety disorders

Front 18

Relaxation training/breathing re-training

Back 18

mood, anxiety, anger, substance use, somatoform, pain

Purposeful musc relaxation and slowed breathing.

Yoga/meditation

V. good for headache.

Front 19

Social skills training

Back 19

Depression, social anxiety disorder, scz, substance use

Interpersonal skills

(e.g. drug refusal)

Front 20

Contingency management

Back 20

Child behavior disorders and drug use disorders

Drug use (and many other behaviors) are operant

So you can give positive rewards immediately contingent upon pre-agreed behaviors (e.g. small prize randomly after drug-free urine)

Rapidly produces behavior change when properly implemented

Front 21

Exposure (e.g. flooding or contact desensitization)

Back 21

Mood and anxiety disorders

Avoidance reinforces problematic mood/cognitions bc those bad thoughts aren't challenged.

Front 22

Cognitive therapy - basic premise

Back 22

Modification of thoughts will lead to changes in behavior and emotion.

Need to get the pt to identify their "automatic thoughts." They are maintained by fixed perceptions or schemata.

Front 23

Example of loop to break in cognitive therapy

Back 23

automatic tho’t - “I should lose weight.”
dysfunctional behavior - vomiting
schema “I’m OK or loveable only if I’m perfect”

Front 24

ABCs of CBT

Back 24

A - Actual event or antecedent (e.g. husband wants divorce)

B - Automatic thought or behavior (e.g. I'm no good)

C - Consequences (depression)

Front 25

CBT tx sequence

Back 25

8-20 one hour sessions.

example - give pt rationale for tx, ID problem behaviors/emotions/cognitions,have pt monitor cognitions, teach pt skills to strategies to challenge dysfunctional cognitions and schemata, give pt homework to practice these techniques, follow-up on homework.

Front 26

(notes good for this lecture)

Back 26

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Front 27

When can you give medicine involuntarily?

Back 27

Via legal proceeding or in extreme emergency when pt is deemed dangerous to self or others.