Psych: Operant Conditioning (Mod 19)

Front 1

Operant Conditioning

Back 1

Skinner, learned behavior by associating own actions with consequences

Front 2

Operant Behavior

Back 2

Reinforcers increase and punishers decrease behavior

Front 3

Associative Learning

Back 3

Learning that particular events occur together (operant and classical)

Front 4

Operant Chamber

Back 4

Skinner box, bar/key pushed/peck release food and recording device keeps track

Front 5

Shaping

Back 5

Procedure that uses reinforcers (ie food) to gradually guide an animal's behavior towards what is desired

Front 6

Reinforcement

Back 6

Any event that strengthens (increases the frequency of) preceding response

Front 7

Positive Reinforcement

Back 7

Strengthens response by presenting typically pleasurable stimulus after response

Front 8

Negative Reinforcement

Back 8

Strengthens response by reducing/removing something undesireable/unpleasant

Front 9

Primary Reinforcers

Back 9

Innately satisfying (getting food when hungry, having painful headache go away)

Front 10

Conditioned Reinforcers

Back 10

Secondary reinforcers, learned, power from association with primary reinforcers (rat work to turn on light that signals food)

Front 11

Continuous Reinforcement

Back 11

Reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs

Front 12

Partial (Intermittent) Reinforcement

Back 12

Responses sometimes reinfored, sometimes not

Initial learning slower, greater resistance to extinction

Front 13

Fixed-Ratio Schedules

Back 13

Reinforce behavior after a set number of responses

Front 14

Variable-Ratio Schedules

Back 14

Reinforce after an unpredictable number of responses

Front 15

Fixed-Interval Schedules

Back 15

Renforce the first response after a fixed time period

Front 16

Variable-Interval Schedules

Back 16

Reinforce the first response after varying time intervals

Front 17

Punishment

Back 17

Any consequence that decreases the frequency of preceeding behavior

Front 18

Cognitive Map

Back 18

Mental representation (ie of a maze for a rat)

Front 19

Latent Learning

Back 19

Learning that becomes apparent only when there is some incentive to demonstrate it

Front 20

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

Back 20

Intrinsic: desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake

Extrinsic: desire to behave a certain way to receive and external reward or avoid threatened punishment