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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Psychology?
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*A set of questions about mental functioning
*A set of theories and procedures for asking and answering questions *A product of history |
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What is Dualism?
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When the mind and body are separate but interrelated
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Who thought of Dualism?
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Socrates and Plato
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What is Monism?
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When the body and soul are not separate
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Who is Rene Descartes?
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He modified Dualism and studied reflexes
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Who came up with Materialism and what is it?
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Thomas Hobbes - That the mind is a product of the brain and that the soul is not involved with human behavior
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What is Empiricism?
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Knowledge and Intellect are acquired.
Sensory Experiences -> Elementary Ideas -> Complex thought and ideas |
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What is Nativism?
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The view that elementary ideas are innate
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Who came up with Nature vs Nurture and what is it?
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When we decide if our abilities are determined by our genes or our experiences (Charles Darwin)
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Who is Edward Titchener?
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Wundts student
Professor at Cornell University |
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Who is William James?
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He started Psychology at Harvard in the 1870's
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Who is Sigmund Freud?
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An Austrian physician who focused on illness.
+Psychoanalytic theory of mental disorders |
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Who is Alfred Binet
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A french intelligence researcher who developed the first intelligence test
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Who is Ivan Pavlov?
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Russian physiologist who discovered conditioned reflexes
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Who is B.F Skinner?
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An American psychologist at Harvard who studied learning and the effect of reinforcement
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What started Psychology?
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Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology lab at the University of Leipzig
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What is introspection?
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Looking in to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
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What is functionalism?
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Focused on how behavioral processes function and enable organisms to adapt, survive and flourish (James)
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What are the 2 parts of psychology?
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The science of behavior and mental processes
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What is the theory of natural selection?
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+Physical characteristics evolve from natural selection
+Behavioral patterns influence selection +Inborn knowledge and behavioral tendences with survival value are passed on |
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Who came up with the theory of natural selection and what did it do?
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Charles Darwin
- It encouraged scientific inquiry |
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What is reflexology?
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All human behaviors occur through reflexes
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What is the neuroscience perspective?
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How the body and brain enables emotions, memories, and sensory experiences
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What is the Evolutionary perspective?
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How the natural selection of traits promotes the perpetuation of ones genes
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What is the Behavior Genetics perspective?
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How much our genes and environment influence our individual differences
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What is the Psychodynamic perspective?
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How our behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
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What is the Behavioral perspective?
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How we learn observable responses
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What is the Cognitive perspective?
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How we encode, process, store and retrieve info
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What is the Social - cultural perspective?
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How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
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What is the difference between basic research and applied research
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Basic research aims to increase the knowledge base and Applied research aims to solve practical problems
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What is clinical psychology?
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A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
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What is Psychiatry?
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A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders
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What are some areas of specialization of Psychology?
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Clinical
- abnormal behavior/psych. disorders Health Psychology - psych. factors in physical health Counseling - guidance for normal life situations |
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What are some other areas of specialization?
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Developmental, School, Educational, Psychobiology, Experimental, Cognitive, IO, Personality
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