Psych Midterm Chpt 3

Front 1

genetics

Back 1

study of inherited traits and variations among individuals

Front 2

genes

Back 2

biological units of heredity that determine genetic traits. Passed along from parent to offspring and made up of DNA

Front 3

DNA

Back 3

complex molecule of genetic code and a means to translate code. set of instructions for making proteins

Front 4

chromosomes

Back 4

genes are put into rode shaped chromosomes. chromosomes have genes in them and genes are made of DNA.

Front 5

mitosis

Back 5

non sex cell division

Front 6

meoisis

Back 6

sex cell division which makes four new cells

Front 7

zygote

Back 7

formed when sperm and egg unite

Front 8

monozygote twin

Back 8

identical twins that originate from same zygote

Front 9

dizygote twins

Back 9

fraternal twins that come from 2 zygotes

Front 10

alleles

Back 10

non identical genes that occupy same location

Front 11

homozygous

Back 11

when genes that occupy on loci are the same

Front 12

heterozygous

Back 12

when genes that occupy one loci are different

Front 13

dominant gene

Back 13

will express itself in either homo or heterozygous state

Front 14

regressive

Back 14

only expressed on homozygous condition

Front 15

Gregor Mendel

Back 15

observed pea plants across generations. observed pattern of genetic transmission

Front 16

genes and behavior

Back 16

genes influence development of specific area of the brain which leads to behavior. behavior controlled by several genes though.

Front 17

selective breeding

Back 17

behavior modified over time through selective breeding depend

Front 18

genotype

Back 18

genes an individual inherits

Front 19

phenotype

Back 19

observable features

Front 20

expression

Back 20

expression influenced by dominant/recessive relationship but is also influenced by environment and experience

Front 21

reaction range

Back 21

range of possible responses to environmental conditions limited by person's genotype

Front 22

complex characteristics

Back 22

characteristics such as intelligence, personality which are made up of many genetic factors and then influenced by environment

Front 23

diversity

Back 23

genetic diversity depends on genetic reshuffling of genes in sexual reproduction and random mutations

Front 24

functionalism

Back 24

value of behavior in terms of what it accomplishes for individual

Front 25

vestigial characteristics

Back 25

traits no longer useful to species

Front 26

use-less by products of evolution

Back 26

changes that come from something useful but are themselves not useful ie belly button

Front 27

genetic drift

Back 27

chance

Front 28

human emotional expression

Back 28

universal human emotional expressions ie: eyebrow flash

Front 29

may require learning

Back 29

some species specific behavior requires learning

Front 30

analogy

Back 30

any similarity that stems not from common ancestry but from convergent evolution

Front 31

polygyny

Back 31

male mates with more than one female

Front 32

polyandry

Back 32

female who mates with more than one male

Front 33

monogamy

Back 33

one male and one female

Front 34

polygynandry

Back 34

members of a group mate with more than male or more than one female

Front 35

Trivers' Parental Investment Theory

Back 35

When parental investment is unequal, the more invested parent will be more picky in choosing a mate

Front 36

violence against female

Back 36

lowest where there is a strong alliance between women

Front 37

helping

Back 37

any behavior that increases chance of survival or reproductive capacity of another individual.

Front 38

cooperation

Back 38

helping yourself while helping another

Front 39

altruism

Back 39

helping someone else while not helping yourself