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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Behavior Genetics
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interested in the degree to which psychological characteristics transmit from parent to child
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Proximate Causes
Ultimate causes |
p: how a behavior is generated
u: why these behaviors are generated |
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Genes (sex-linked)
Chromosomes |
genes are segments of DNA
sex-linked: characteristics/disorders linked to 23rd chr. Chromosomes:where genes are stored/transferred |
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dizygotic twins
monozygotic twins |
fraternal twins: develop from different eggs, genetically equated to other siblings
Mono twins: identical tiwns whose makeup is 100% the same |
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polygenic traits
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traits that are made up of more than just 1 trait
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Hidden Estrus
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biological trait by which males unable to detect fertile cycles
shows sex used for enjoyment purposes as well |
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Last Major Transition (cranial capacity)
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size of brain increases
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mating preferences
sexual dimorphism |
m: find female that is most fertile
f: find male that is most resourceful, can support both use tactics to achieve s.d.: one sex dwarfing over the other in size (m--f, but deminishing) |
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coalitions:
darwinian evolution |
us vs. them talk (groups)
variation & selection |
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cognitive nitch
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our brains separate us from other species
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jealousy
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women: worried about emotional fidelity
men: worried about physical fidelity |
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Central Nervous System
Peripheral n.s. somantic - autonomic |
cns-nerves in brain & spinal cord
pns-brain/spinal to rest of body somantic: takes message from sensory receptors on muscles/body surfaces autonomic: from glands and internal organs |
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central core brain structures:
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medulla:
cerebellum: thalamus hypothalamus reticular formation |
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parts of limbic system
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hippocampus: momory
amygdala: emotions such as fear |
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parts of cerebrum
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cerebral cortex: outer layer of cerebrum
corpus callosum: connecting mass b/w left and right hemispheres |
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brain lobes & areas
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frontal-front--primary motor area
parietal-top & rear--primary somatosensory area temporal-bottom--primary auditory area occipital-rear of brain--primary visual area |
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Other areas
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Association Areas: areas of cerebral cortex not directly concerned with sensory or motor processes
Broca's Area:region in FRONTAL LOBE involved in speech production Wernicke's Area:region in TEMPORAL LOBE involved with understanding of language |
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split brain research
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with corpus callosum severed, right and left brain oblivious of each other
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medulla & cerebellum
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medulla: controls breathings and upright posture
cerebellum: movement & motor learning |
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thalamus
hypothalamus reticular formation |
thalamus: sleep and wakefulness
hypothalamus: eat, drink, sex, homeostasis reticular formation: arousal & attention |
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Right vs Left brain
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Right brain: unable to produce language
highly developed spatial and pattern sense left brain: unable to comprehend language |
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aphasia
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language deficits caused by brain damage
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autonomic nervous system
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sympathetic & parasympathetic systems
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sympathetic system
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active during times of intense arousal
works all at once |
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parasympathetic system
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active during regular times
-store up energy for sympathetic system works on individual organ basis |
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endocrine system
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secretes hormones through PITUITARY and then hypothalamus
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Functional Modularity
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different functions of the body are distributed throughout the brain
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Structural Modularity
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different functions of the body equated to different areas of the brain
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Hemi-neglect
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Ability to neglect a portion or half of one's brain through training
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