Psych Memory

Front 1

encoding

Back 1

taking in information (keyboard)

Front 2

storage

Back 2

keeping/maintaining information (harddrive)

Front 3

retrieval

Back 3

make information availabe to us (monitor)

Front 4

levels of processings: shallow

Back 4

physical structure

Front 5

levels of processings: intermediate

Back 5

sounds

Front 6

levels of processings: deep

Back 6

meaning

Front 7

self-referent encoding

Back 7

encode information that is personally relevant to us

Front 8

chunking

Back 8

organize items into familiar units

Front 9

hierarchies

Back 9

organizations of broad concepts into narrow subdivisions

Front 10

subordinate hierarchies

Back 10

general (vehicle)

Front 11

superordinate hierarchies

Back 11

specific (car, boat)

Front 12

rehearsal

Back 12

effortful processing through conscious repition (learning names as a teacher)

Front 13

spacing effect

Back 13

studying..NOT craming
information retained better when information is distributed overtime

Front 14

mnemonics

Back 14

memory aides
SOH CAH TOA

Front 15

serial effects

Back 15

tendency to recall best the first and last items

Front 16

Primacy effect

Back 16

recall stuff introduced FIRST

Front 17

Recency effect

Back 17

recall stuff introduced LAST

Front 18

eliminate serial effects?

Back 18

by pausing

Front 19

Sensory Memory

Back 19

preservation of memory in its orginal sensory form for a FRACTION OF A SECOND

Front 20

Sensory Memory: Iconic

Back 20

visual

Front 21

Sensory Memory: Echoic

Back 21

auditory

Front 22

Short Term Memory (STM)

Back 22

stored for 20-30 seconds
7-9 items held
Miller's Magic #7
digits for a phone number remembered right after told then forgotten

Front 23

Long Term Memory (LTM)

Back 23

unlimited capacity stored that can hold information over lengthy periods of time; knowledge, skills, experiences

Front 24

Parallel Distributed Processing Model

Back 24

activate 1 piece of info then 1 more piece
I'm thinking of a person...
*categories

Front 25

For STM information is lost in 20 seconds without what?

Back 25

rehearsal

Front 26

Tip of the tongue Phenomenon

Back 26

inability to remember something you know wiht a feelin it's out of reach

Front 27

Flashbulb Memory

Back 27

a clear memory of an emotionally signif. moment/event 9/11

Front 28

context-dependent memory

Back 28

remember something in enviornment

Front 29

mood-dependent memory

Back 29

remember in emotional state
yelling at borther for things and last week...

Front 30

state-dependent memory

Back 30

remember in states (intoxicated)

Front 31

Recall

Back 31

way to retrieve information ESSAY

Front 32

Recognition

Back 32

way to retrieve information
MC

Front 33

Explicit Declarative memory

Back 33

memories of FACTS and EXPERIENCES that one can consciouslly "declare"

Front 34

Episodic

Back 34

events in my life

Front 35

Semantic

Back 35

factual information

Front 36

Implicit (non-delcarative) memory

Back 36

knowing something without knowing that you know it

Front 37

Schemas

Back 37

script, framework to define something

Front 38

Emotion and Memory

Back 38

remember event if you are seeing a robbery rather than what you are eating for breakfast....memory of a violent event is stronger then would for a neutral event but memory for detail is less

Front 39

Weapon focus

Back 39

eye witness memeory for detail is WORSE when a weapon is present

Front 40

Police Lineups

Back 40

attributing an event to the wrong source.

Front 41

Elizabeth Loftus

Back 41

subjects view car accident on video. change words "hit" "smashed" "collided". did you see a/the broken headlight?

Front 42

example of Schema...gang

Back 42

mem ber of a gang MALE

Front 43

decay theory

Back 43

memory is lost with the passage of TIME

Front 44

Ebbinghaus' Curve of Forgetting

Back 44

rapid period of forgetting in the first 20 minutes but then levels out as time goes on

Front 45

RETROactive interference

Back 45

OLD FORGOTTEN: reverse_new info going back and interferring wiht old information

Front 46

PROactive interference

Back 46

NEW FORGOTTEN:
old infor moved forwards to interfere with new information (getting called the name of an older sibling)

Front 47

RETROgrade Amnesia

Back 47

lost memory- forget old stuff, car accidnet;don't remember

Front 48

ANTEROgrade Amnesia

Back 48

lost memory, forget loss of ability to form long term memory. having hard time remembering things after injury

Front 49

Algorithms

Back 49

step-by-step procedures that lead to a solution

Front 50

Insight

Back 50

A sudden and often novel realization of the soultion to a problem.

Front 51

Availability Heuristic

Back 51

information more readily avaible in our memory is more important than our informaiton not as easily accessible.

Front 52

Represntativesness Heuristic

Back 52

_bank teller_ Rule of Thumb where similarity to a prototype or similiar situation dicates a decision

Front 53

Functional Fixedness

Back 53

a mental block against using an object in a new way

Front 54

Divergent Thinking

Back 54

finding multiple, unique create solutions to aproblem

Front 55

Convergent Thinking

Back 55

find a single, correct solution to a problem.

Front 56

Heuristics

Back 56

"rule of thumb" that becomes a basis for a decision...most aviable to us.. hear more about shark attacks than falling airplane parts

Front 57

Metacognition

Back 57

thinking about thinking

Front 58

Proactive interfecerence example

Back 58

buy a new combination lock or get a new phone num ber, your memory of the old one may interfere

Front 59

Retroactive Interference example

Back 59

2nd stone tossed in a pond will disrupt waves rippling out from the first stone tossed.