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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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distinctive patterns of behavior, emotions, and thoughts that characterize an individual's adaptations to his or her life
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personality
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primarily descriptive theories in that they attempts to identify specific demensions or characteristics that are associated with different personalities
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trait theories
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defines traits by studying individuals in depth and focusing on the distinctive qualities of their personalities
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ideographic approach
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studies groups of people in the attempt to identify personality traits that tend to appear in clusters
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nomothetic approach
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Gordon Allport's theory of personality, a powerful, dominating behavioral disposition that is an organizing principle in a small number of people's lives. Ex. Competitve nature in all aspects of activities and thoughts.
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Cardinal trait
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Gordon Allport's trait theory of personality, a major characteristic such as honesty and sensitivity. They are quite generalized and enduring, they make up the building blocks of our personality.
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central trait
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In Raymond Cattell's trait theory of personality, any of the variety of less generalized and often short-term traits that affect people's behavior in specific circumstances
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secondary trait
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In Raymond Cattell's trait theory of personality, dimensions or traits that are usually obvious (integrity or tiredness) that tend to be grouped in clusters that are related to course traits.
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surface trait
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In Raymond Cattell's trait theory of personality, basic, underlying traits that are center or core of an individual's personality. There are 16 primary ones.
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Source Traits
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Who developed a questionnaire called "16 personality factor questionnaire" to measure source traits?
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Cattell
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traits are only descriptions not _______.
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explanations
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traits that occur in specific situations are called...
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situation specific habits
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What occupation was Freud before a psychologist
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neurologist
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the approach involving hypnotizing patients, then encouraging them to recall their symptoms were fist experienced and to talk freely around the circumstances surrounding this occurence. Patients relax and say whatever comes to their minds
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free association preiously called a carthartic method
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the vast resevoir of the mind that holds countless memories and feelings that are repressed or submerged because they are anxiety producing
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unconcious mind
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technique devloped by freud in which an individual's revelations of normally unconcious cognitions are interpreted
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psychoanalysis
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Theory of personality that views people as shaped by ongoing conflicts between primary drives and the social pressures of civilzed society
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psychoanalytic theory
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In freud's psychoanalytic theory, the biological component of personality consisting of life instincts and death instincts
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ID
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the energy that fuels the id and motivates behavior
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libido
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the principle guiding the id seeks immiediate gratification of all instinctive drives regardless or reason, logic, or the possibile impact of behaviors.
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pleasure principle
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what structure is not concious
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id
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what structure is predominantly concious
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ego
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what structure is both unconcious and concious
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superego
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According to freud, wish-fulfilling mental imagery used by the id to discharge tension Ex. someone cold envisioning the beach to feel warm
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primary process thinking
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the component of personality that acts as an intermediary between the instinctual demands of the id and the reality of the real world
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ego
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according to freud, the tendency to behave in ways that are consistent with reality and governs the ego
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reality principle
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a composite of the moral values or standards of parents
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ego
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