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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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loosening of normal constraints on behavior when people are in a crowd
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Deindividuation
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the social expectation that people will respond to each other in kind—returning benefits for benefits, and responding with either indifference or hostility to harms
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reciprocity norm
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A tendency for people to perform tasks better when others are present
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Social Facilitation
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the tendency for people to exert less effort when efforts are pooled toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable
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Social loafing
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In our social interactions, our behavior often affects others and others’ behavior often affects us
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Social Interdependence
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Occurs when there is a communal or shared resource
If the source is used in moderation then it replenishes itself |
tragedy of the commons
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ways of increasing communication and overcoming dilemmas
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Regulation
Keep groups small Make future consequences salient Allow for personal communication Activate normative & informational influences |
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the theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one’s rewards and minimize one’s costs
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Social-exchange theory
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selfless concern for the welfare of others often incurring a loss for oneself.
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altruism
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an expectation that people will help those who have helped them
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Reciprocity Norm
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an expectation that people will help those dependent on them
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Social-responsibility norm
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three steps to helping
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notice
interpret assume responsibility |
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barriers to helping
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Distraction; time constraints
Ambiguity; Reaction fo others Diffusion of responsibilty |
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how can we increase helping
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Personalized interactions
Reduce ambiguity Normative Influence Social learning |
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aggression driven by anger and performed as an end in itself
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Hostile aggression
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aggression that is a means to some other end
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Instrumental aggression
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Biological theories on aggression
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Area of the brain that can activate aggression.
Baseline temperament may be genetic |
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the perception that one is less well off than others to whom one compares oneself
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Relative deprivation
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The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating it
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Observational Learning
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Influences on aggression
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Aversive incidents
Attacks Crowding Aggression cues ie: picture of knife tv |
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ways of reducing aggression
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Catharsis
Punishment? Social learning |
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influences on initial attraction
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Proximity
appearance Similarity liking those who like us |
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what determines attractiveness
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Contrast
Symmetry culture and time |
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We like those whose behavior is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events
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Social Exchange Theory of Relationships
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Relationships where people reward each other out of a direct concern and to show caring
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Communal Relationships
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