Psych Exam 3

Front 1

Social Psych*

Back 1

Scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.

Front 2

Attribution Thy*

Back 2

Suggests how we explain someone's behavior - by crediting either the situation of the person's disposition. (Basis of social psych.) (Student who is always early could be eager student. Vice versa.) Automatic attempt to attribute behavior.

Front 3

Fundamental Attribution Error*

Back 3

Overestimating the influence of personality, underestimating influence of situation. Inaccurate judgments imposed upon individual.

Front 4

Ultimate Attribution Error*

Back 4

Fund. Att. Error applied to group - STEREOTYPES.

Front 5

Attitude*

Back 5

Feelings, based on our beliefs, that predispose our reactions to objects, people, and events. Attitude cannot always predict behavior. Only way to change attitude is to change behavior first.

Front 6

3 Components of Attitude*

Back 6

Affective - emotion toward obj. Behavioral - action taken toward obj. Cognitive - only part that is rational. (Makes pro con list, etc.)

Front 7

Implicit Attitudes*

Back 7

Unconscious. Come from associations/memories. We defer to implicit attitudes when in situations of anxiety.

Front 8

Explicit Attitudes*

Back 8

Conscious. What we intentionally feel/say.

Front 9

Foot in the door phenomenon

Back 9

Tendency for people who agree to a small action to comply later with a larger one. (Chinese during Korean War)

Front 10

Cognitive Dissonance Thy*

Back 10

Thy that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent. For examples, when our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes. To relieve tension, we often bring our attitudes into line w/our actions.

Front 11

Conformity

Back 11

Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide w/a group standard.

Front 12

Factors which increase likelihood of conforming

Back 12

1) Made to feel incompetent/insecure. 2) Group has at least 3 ppl. 3) Group is unanimous. 4) One admires the group's status/attractiveness. 5) One has made no prior commitment to any response. 6) Members of group observe one's behavior. 7) Culture strongly encourages respect for social standards.

Front 13

Normative Social Influence

Back 13

Cultural norms - desire to "fit in" and to gain approval/avoid disapproval.

Front 14

Informational Social Influence

Back 14

Influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality. Desire to be right.

Front 15

Social Facilitation

Back 15

If task is well known/simple and people are watching, individual will perform better. If task is complex/unfamiliar and people are watching, individual will perform more poorly. (Home field advantage.)

Front 16

Social Loafing*

Back 16

Individual does less work when in group of 3 or more.

Front 17

Personality

Back 17

Stable pattern of thinking, behaving, acting.

Front 18

Free Association*

Back 18

Freudian/Psychoanalytic. Method of exploring unconscious in which person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial/embarrassing.

Front 19

Psychoanalysis

Back 19

Freud's thy of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions.

Front 20

Unconscious

Back 20

Freud. A resevoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, info processing of which we are unaware.

Front 21

Id*

Back 21

Freud. Seeks pleasure at all costs. UNCONSCIOUS. Primitive part of who we are.

Front 22

Ego*

Back 22

Reality principle. How to satisfy id in real situation. (Defense mechanisms) MOSTLY UNCONSCIOUS

Front 23

Superego*

Back 23

Ideal way of handling things. Relieves tension of id/ego. Learned over time, right thing to do. (age 4 or 5) CONSCIOUS.

Front 24

Collective unconscious

Back 24

Jung. Common reservoir of images derived from our species' uniersal experiences.

Front 25

TAT*

Back 25

Thematic Apperception Test. Projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes.

Front 26

Projective Tests*

Back 26

Personality test (ink blot, tat) that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamics.

Front 27

Self Concept*

Back 27

Measuring one's own identity/self worth. Who am I?

Front 28

Self Esteem*

Back 28

Measure of self-worth. Battling w/self esteem can mean depression. Teen years = lowest SE in life.

Front 29

Self Serving Bias*

Back 29

Maintenance to protect self. Natural, protects SE, makes it difficult to identify flaws.

Front 30

Terror Mgmt. Thy*

Back 30

Proposes that faith in one's worldview and the pursuit of SE provide protection against a deeply rooted fear of death.

Front 31

Self-Actualization

Back 31

Ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical needs have been met and SE is achieved. Motivation to fulfill potential.

Front 32

Positive Psych

Back 32

Scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive.