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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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development psychology
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study of physical, cognitive, and social changes across life span
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teratogens
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agents that can harm embryo
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schema
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concept or framework that organizes info
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assimilation
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interpreting ones new experience in terms of existing schema; is similar
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accomodation
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adapting current understanding to incorporate new info
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cross sectional study
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people of different ages are compared
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longtitudinal study
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same people are studied and tested over period of time
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sensation
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term by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energy
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percetpion
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process of organizing and interpretign sensory info, enabling us to recognize events
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transduction
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transformation of stimulus energy
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psychophysics
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sutdy of relationship between physical characteristics of stimuli (light, sound, pressure, taste)
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absolute threshold
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minimum stimulation needed to detect stimmuls 50% of time
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j.n.difference
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minimal difference between 2 stimuli required for detection 50% of time
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adation
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diminished sensitivity as consequence of constant stimulation
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wavelength
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distance from peak to peak
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hue
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dimension of color determined by wavelength of light
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intensity
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amount of energy in wave determined by amplitude (brightness and loudness)
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optic nerve
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carries neural impuses from eye to brain
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blind spot
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where are no receptors
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parallel processing
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simultaneous processing of several aspects of problem
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Opponent Process Theory
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opposing retinal processes enable color vision
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Tricolor Theory
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red, blue, green color receptors
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frequency
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number of comlete wavelengths that pass in given time
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pitch
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tone's highness or lowness
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Gate Control Theory
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there are gates that open and close and allow pain signals to be blocked or go through/ pain signals send nerve signals
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kinethis
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body part's postion and muscle movement
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vestibular sense
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monitors head and body position
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gestalt
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tendency to visualize pieces into a whole
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figure and ground
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org. of visual fields into objects that stand out from surroundings
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grouping
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perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
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depth perception
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ability to see objects in 3D and judge distance
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color constancy
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familiar objects have consistent color even with changing illumination
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perceptual set
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what you see in center is influenced by set of objects
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consciousness
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awareness of ourselves and environment, can be spontaneous or physiologically induced
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circadian rhythm
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biological clock, regular bodily rhythms that occur on 24 hours cycle but really run 25 hours
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selective attention
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focusing on consciousness and awareness of particular stimulus
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REM sleep
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rapid eye movement; vivid dreams, sleep is relaxed but systmes are active
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insomnia
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cannot fall or stay asleep
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narcolepsy
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uncontrollable sleep attacks
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sleep apnea
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cessation of breathing during sleep
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activation synthesis theory
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brain engages in random neural activity
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cognitive development
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dreams are part of brain's maturation and development
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hypnosis
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one person suggests/persuades to another that certain behaviors, perceptions, or feeling can be carried out after hypnosis
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psychoatric drug
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chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood
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depressants
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reduce neural flow, slow functions
ex. alcohol, barbiturates, opium |
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stimulants
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speed up body functions
ex. nicotine, caffeince, cocaine, ecstasy, meth |
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tolerance
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dimishing effect with regular use
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withdrawal
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discomfort and stress that follow discontinued use
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