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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ancient Greeks - 4 bodily humors
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link between humors and the personality and behavior of a person
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too much blood in body means what according to ancient greek theory of 4 humors?
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sanguine - cheerful, positive, upbeat
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too much yellow bile in body means what according to ancient greek theory of 4 humors?
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choleric - irritable, agitated
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too much black bile in body means what according to ancient greek theory of 4 humors?
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melancholia - sadness, depression
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too much phlegm in body means what according to ancient greek theory of 4 humors?
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phlegmatic - slow, sluggish, lazy
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Descartes
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- "I think therefore I am"
- free will - mind(soul)/body - body --> dualism, objective, natural laws, animals - mind --> cannot be controlled by natural laws, has own free will, cannot be studied like animals |
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Thomas Hobbes
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- materialism
- all entities are made of physical matter - opposite of Descartes - "soul" in us is non-sensible |
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Empiricism
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- Locke, Hague, Mills
- observables - behaviorism |
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Darwin
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- 1859 "Origin of Species"
- evolution --> humans evolved from other species - natural selection --> "survival of the fittest" - linking of humans and animals |
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Psychophysics theorists
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Fechner, Ebinghaus, Wundt, Titchener
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Fechner
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- distinguished between sounds
- different sounds perceived as different |
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Ebbinghaus
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- memory
- nonsense syllables |
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Wundt
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- "Father of Modern Day Psychology"
- reaction times |
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Titchener
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- Ithaca, NY @ Cornell
- introspection: color, lights --> classify in order of intensity, duration, quality, etc... - structuralist (break down of perception) |
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William James
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- first american psychologist
- Humanist - functionalist - "whole is greater than sum of its parts" - opposite Titchener, doesn't break everything apart |
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Gestalt Psychologists
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- perception
- phi phenomenon (whole greater than sum of its parts) |
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Freudian Theories
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- drives
- unconscious - psychoanalysis - psychosexual stages - sex & agression |
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Behaviorists
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Skinner (operant conditioning), Pavlov (classical conditioning)
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Behaviorism
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- how environmental experience shapes you
- stimuli, reinforcements - studied obsevables |
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Cognitive Psychology
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- learning process
- thinking - brain functioning - memory - schemas - "black box" --> what's in people's minds |
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Humanistics
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- inherent traits (humans)
- self-actualization - heirarchy of needs |
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Heirarchy of needs (bottom to top of triangle)
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1. basic needs, survival
- food, shelter, water 2. psychological needs - social interaction, love, caring, purpose 3. self-actualization - meaning in life, fulfillment |
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Neuroscience
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- genetic bases
- brain structure and functioning (learning process) - mind/body interactions (nutrition and diet) |
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Evolutionary
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- growth and development issues
- evolutionary history to describe behaviors - altruism (giving up something for wellbeing of others) - mating behaviors in humans as well as animals |
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Reliability
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consistently good in quality or performance - able to be trusted
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validity
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actually supports the intended point or claim - acceptable as cogent
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mean
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the quotient of the sum of several quantities and their number; an average
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mode
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the most frequently occuring number in a set of numbers
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median
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the middle number in a set of numbers
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