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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cognition:
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mentally processing information (images, concepts, etc); thinking
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Image:
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mental representation that has picture- like qualities; an icon
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Concept:
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generalized idea representing a class of related objects or events
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Language:
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words or symbols, and rules for combining them, that are used for thinking and communication
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Denotative meaning:
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the exact, dictionary definition of a word or concept; its objective meaning
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Connotative meaning:
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The subjective, personal, or emotional meaning of a word or concept
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Semantics:
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the study or meanings in language
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Phonemes:
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basic speech sounds of a language
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Morphemes:
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the smallest meaningful units in a language, such as syllable or words
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Problem solving:
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identify, define, explore, action, look back
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Fixation:
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the tendency to repeat wrong solutions or faulty responses, especially as a result of becoming blind to alternatives
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Functional Fixedness:
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a rigidity in problem solving caused by an inability to see new uses for familiar object
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Emotional Barriers:
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inhibition and fear of making a fool of oneself or of making a mistake
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Cultural Barriers:
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belief that fantasy is a waste and feelings and humour have no place in problem solving
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Mechanical Solution:
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achieved by trial and error or by rote
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Understanding:
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in problem solving, a deeper comprehension of the problem
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General Solution:
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states the requirements for success but not in enough detail for further action
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Functional solution:
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a detailed, practical and workable solution
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Close Analogy:
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a comparison of a target concept and a very similar concept that improves understanding of the target concept
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Distant Analogy:
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a comparison emphasizing the similarity on some dimension between a target concept and a very different concept
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Random search strategy:
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all possibilities are tied, more or less randomly
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Heuristic:
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strategy for identifying and evaluating problem solutions
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Insight:
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a sudden mental organization of a problem that makes the solution obvious
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Selective Encoding:
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the ability to select information relevant to a problem while ignoring useless or distracting information
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Selective Combination:
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the ability to connect seemingly unrelated items of information
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Selective Comparison:
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ability to compare new problems with old information or with problems or with problems solved in the past
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Intelligence:
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an overall capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and deal effectively with the environment
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Wechsler adult intelligence test 3rd edition (WAIs III):
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adult intelligence test that rates both verbal and performance intelligence
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Wechsler intelligence scale for children 3rd edition (WISC III):
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downscaled version of the WAIS-III; for children from 6 yrs to 16 yrs, 11months, 30days. Binet-5 is better suited for children for children and adolescents
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Performance Intelligence:
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intelligence measured by solving puzzles, assembling object, completing pictures, and other non-verbal tasks.
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Verbal Intelligence:
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intelligence measured by answering questions involving vocabulary, general information arithmetic, and other language or symbol-oriented tasks
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mental age:
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average intellectual performance; average mental ability people display at a given age
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8 intelligences:
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bodly kinaesthetic,
musical interpersonal spacial linguistic logical |
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4 barrier to problem solving:
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fixation
functional fixedness emotional cultural |
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9 different types of ways to solve a problem
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mechanical
understanding general solution functional solution close analogy distant analogy random search strategy heuistic insight |
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Five cognitive factors (mental abilities), Strandford -binet:
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fluid reasoning
, knowledge, quantitative reasoning, visual-spatial processing , work memory |
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from memory section who was the man that has a 10 to 30 second memory?
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clive reary
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