Psych Chapter 4 Quiz

Front 1

List the three stages of pregnancy. For one of the stages, identify (1) the correct term for the developing baby, (2) the length of the period, and (3) major organs/structures that develop during this period.

Back 1

• Zygote- conception to 2 weeks- cell divides; zygote attaches to uterine wall
• Embyro- 2 weeks to 8 weeks- form develops; Heart Beats
• Fetus- 9 weeks to birth- Gradual development of functional organs

Front 2

Describe habituation and provide an example of how researchers would use this phenomenon to study development of color vision.

Back 2

• Habituate- decrease attention to repeated stimulation
• Typical Measures:
o Eye gaze
o Sucking response with pacifier

Front 3

Draw and label neurons from a rat exposed to: 1) impoverished environment and 2) enriched environment. Describe how these differences related to neural pruning.

Back 3

• Early experiences foster brain development
• 1) impoverished environment has fewer neural branches (less connections)
• 2) enriched environment has more neural branches (more connections)

Front 4

Describe the concept of a critical period and provide an example of a critical period that has been observed in humans.

Back 4

• Critical period- optimal period for normal development
• For example speech

Front 5

Describe the concept of assimilation proposed by Piaget and provide an example of this concept.

Back 5

• Assimilation: info interpreted with schemas
• Accommodation: schemas adjusted to fit new info
• A child seeing a dog and then thinking anything with four legs and is fuzzy is a dog. Then eventually a parent with correct the child when she is wrong.

Front 6

Describe Harlow’s Contact Comfort Study and its main findings.

Back 6

• Wire and cloth fake mother monkey and the monkeys gravitated toward the cloth mother even though they did not provide milk like the wire mother did.
• Found the importance of body contact

Front 7

Describe the responses of secure and insecure children observed during the strange situation.

Back 7

• Secure children- having a fit when their mother leaves and is calm when she returns
• Insecure children- Child does stop crying when she returns

Front 8

Describe authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles. Provide an example of how either parenting style might react to a child that received a detention at school.

Back 8

• Autoritarian- impose rules and expect obedience- less social skills and low self-esteem
• Authoritative- demanding and responsive, high self-esteem, competence, self-reliance

Front 9

According to Erikson, what crisis do teens face? What happens if the individual successfully deals with the crisis? What happens if they fail?

Back 9

• Identity crisis-
If they successfully deal with it they determine who they are. If not they are torn of who they actually are and may turn to their peers to try to figure out who they are.

Front 10

Describe the effect that aging has on the number of words recalled versus the number of words recognized.

Back 10

• The number of words recognized is stable with age
• Number of words recalled declines with age