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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of research is used to describe aspects of behaviour and experience?
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Descriptive Research
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What is reactivity?
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One changing his/her behaviour as a result of being observed
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Reactivity can cause research to lack what?
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External validity (how well the results of a research study generalize to other situations or are representative of real life).
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What is a research technique that involves recording naturally occuring behaviour as opposed to behaviour in a lab?
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Naturalistic observation
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What type of observation has the observer become apart of the activities studied?
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Participant observation
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What is a case study?
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A research technique in which research is focused on one or a few individuals who are studied in great depth
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What is one issue of a case study?
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Not representative of the larger population, subject could be lying etc...
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A sample that reports behavior/opinions that gathers the opinion of a large group of people is called what?
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Survey
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Having everyone having a equal chance for being selected for a particular survey is called what?
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Random Sampling
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A statistic that indicates whether 2 variables are related or vary in a systematic way
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Correlation coefficient
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People with high levels of excercise tend to have low BMI. What kind of correlation is this?
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Negative correlation (2 measures that go in opposite direction, ie more of thing leads to less of another)
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More excersise leads to better aerobic capacity. What type of corelation is this?
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Positive corellation
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How can positive and negative corellations be shown graphically?
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Scatter plots
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When looking at corellational data, what else needs to be considered that could explain the causality?
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Third variables
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A technique where the investigator manipulates/alters some aspect of the environment independently of other variables and observes effect of the manipulation on behavior
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experimental method
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The aspect of the environment that is manipulated in an experiment is called?
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Independent variable
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The behavior measured in the experiment is called?
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Dependent variable; think depends derives from dependent, factor depends on experimental manipulation
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Uncontrolled variable that changes along with the independent variable
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confounding variable (example if tests for 2 diff groups were done at diff times of day could introduce new variables to test)
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What is internal validity?
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How well the experimentor has controlled confounding variables
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What is the best way to ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any of the conditions of the experiment?
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Random assignment
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Why might subjects in a control group be given a placebo?
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So they don't know their not getting special treatment
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A design where subjects don't know whether they had been assigned to the experimental or control group?
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Single-blind study
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How does a double-blind study differ from a single-blind study?
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Neither the participants nor the researchers know which is the control group and which is the experimental group
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The average of a set of scores is the ______
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mean
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Most frequently occurring score is the ______
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mode
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The middle point in the an ordered set of scores is the ______
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median
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Standard deviation is what?
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How much individual scores differ from the mean from a set of scores
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What type of statistics help researchers describe their data?
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Descriptive Statistics
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Technique that helps researchers estimate likelihood of a given result is because of chance?
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Inferential statistics
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People must be fully informed of any factors of an experiment before participating is called what>
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Informed consent
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Cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information are called what?
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Neurons
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