Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Opium/Morphine
|
block pain receptors in brain by stimulating opioid receptors in the brain
|
Pleasure or pain – it depends
|
|
|
Conduction Hearing Loss
|
hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea
|
|
|
|
Nerve Hearing Loss/Congenital
|
hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea’s receptor cells or to the auditory nerve
|
|
|
|
Cochlear Implants
|
Seem very effective with sensory loss – much more so than standard aids.
|
|
|
|
Chemosenses (taste & smell)
|
Gustation not the same as flavor
|
|
|
|
papillae
|
each of these contain many (up to 200) taste bud.
|
|
|
|
The Five Qualities of Taste
|
Sourness – acids
Sweetness-similar molecule to Bitterness Saltiness – sodium molecules Bitterness –similar molecule to Sweetness The fifth is umami which refers to the taste of monosodium glutamate (MSG) – found in many proteins |
|
|
|
The Dimension of Odor
|
The olfactory system uses up to 1000 different receptor molecules
Connected to the limbic system (emotion/memories). Not yet known exactly which molecules stimulate which receptors Analytic system – identify different odors. (odor molecules stimulate specific receptor cells) (does not combine different scents) Araneda, Kini, and Firestein (2000) some receptors are specific to some molecules but not others. Integrated with taste |
|
|
|
The Somatosenses
|
Our ability to respond to touch, vibration, pain, warmth, coolness, limb position, muscle length/stretch, head position, etc.
Interaction between say touch and pain define tickle & itch. |
|
|
|
Free nerve endings
|
most common, both smooth and hairy skin.
|
|
|
|
Pacinian Corpuscles
|
information about vibration
|
|
|
|
Temperature
|
signals change in temperature. Coolness receptors seem to lie at the surface of the skin. Also helps us to adapt to the ambient temp.
|
|
|
|
Pressure
|
require that the skin is actually moved inward (lighter = touch) – sensitivity to pressure differs across the body ( lips and fingertips most sensitive) – two point discrimination threshold.
|
|
|
|
Valium
|
depress the emotional but not the intensity of the pain
|
I don't care
|
|
|
Gate-Control Theory
|
theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological “gate” that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain
“gate” opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers |
|
|
|
Phantom limb pain
|
-may be controlled by the parietal cortex which provides information about our own body.
- sensation of having a limb when limb is amputated |
ghost hand
|
