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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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behavior therapy
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treatment that begins with clear, well-defined behavioral goals, such as eliminating test anxiety, and then attempts to achieve those goals through learning
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biopsychosocial model
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the concept that abnormal behavior has three major aspectsQbiological, psychological, and sociological
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brief therapy
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(or time-limited therapy) treatment that begins with an agreement about what the therapist and the client can expect from each other and how long the treatment will last
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catharsis
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the release of pent-up emotions associated with unconscious thoughts and memories
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cognitive therapy
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treatment that seeks to improve people's psychological well-being by changing their cognitions
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cognitive-behavior therapy
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treatment that combines important features of both behavior therapy and cognitive therapy, attempting to change people's behavior by changing their interpretation of their situation
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition
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DSM-IV) a book that lists the acceptable labels for all psychological disorders, with a description of each and guidelines on how to distinguish it from similar disorders
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differential diagnosis
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a determination of what problem a person has, in contrast to all the other possible problems that might produce similar symptoms
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dissociative identity disorder
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a rare condition in which the personality separates into several identities; also known as multiple personality disorder
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eclectic therapy
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treatment that uses a combination of methods and approaches
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family systems therapy
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treatment based on the assumptions that most people's problems develop in a family setting and that the best way to deal with them is to improve family relationships and communication
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free association
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a procedure where a client lies on a couch, starts thinking about a particular symptom or problem and then reports everything that comes to mind
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group therapy
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treatment administered to a group of people all at once
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incongruence
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a mismatch between someone's self-concept and ideal self
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interpretation
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a therapist's explanation of the underlying meaning of what a client says
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meta-analysis
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a method of taking the results of many experiments, weighting each one in proportion to the number of participants, and determining the overall average effect
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person-centered therapy
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also known as nondirective or client-centered therapy) a procedure in which a therapist listens to the client sympathetically, provides unconditional positive regard, and offers little interpretation or advice
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personality disorder
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a maladaptive, inflexible way of dealing with the environment and other people
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psychoanalysis
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a method of psychotherapy developed by Sigmund Freud, based on identifying unconscious thoughts and emotions and bringing them to consciousness
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psychodynamic therapies
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treatments that attempt to uncover people's underlying drives and motivations
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psychotherapy
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the treatment of psychological disorders by methods that include a personal relationship between a trained therapist and a client
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rational-emotive therapy
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treatment based on the assumption that thoughts (rationality) lead to emotions, and that problems arise not from the unpleasant emotions themselves, but the irrational thoughts that lead to them
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resistance
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the second stage of response to stress, a stage of prolonged but moderate arousal
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self-help group
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assembly of people with similar problems, who operate much like group therapy but without a therapist
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spontaneous remission
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improvement of a psychological condition without therapy
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transference
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the extension of a client's feelings toward a parent or other important figure onto the therapist
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