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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who was Charles Spearman
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Believed we have one general intelligence
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what is intelligence?
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mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
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What is general intelligence?
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A general intelligence factor that underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
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What is factor analysis?
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A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score.
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What is the savant syndrome?
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A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill
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Who was L.L. Thurstone?
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He identified 7 clusters of primary mental abilities
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Who was Howard Gardner?
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Identified eight intelligences (multiple intelligences)
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What was Sternberg's intelligence theory?
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The Three Intelligences: Analytical (one right answer), Creative (novel situations and ideas) and Practical (everyday tasks, multiple solutions)
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What is mental age?
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A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Alfred Binet
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What is Standford-Binet
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A widely used revision of of Binet's original intelligence test
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What is intelligence quotient? (IQ)
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Defined originally as ratio of mental age to chronological age x100. Average score is assigned 100.
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What is an achievement test>
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A test designed to assess what a person has learned
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What is an aptitude test?
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A test designed to predict a person's future performance
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What is the Weschsler Adult Intelligence Test? (WAIS)
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The most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and non-verbal tests
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What is standardization?
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Defining meaningful scores by comparison the the performance of a pretested group
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What is the normal curve?
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Symmetrical, bell-shaped curve..
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Explain reliability
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The extent to which a test yields consisted results
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Explain validity
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There extent to which a test measures or predict sweat it is supposed to
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Explain content validity
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The extent to which a test samples the behaviour that is of interest
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Explain Predictive Validity
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The success with which a test predicts the behaviour it is designed to predict.
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What is crystallized intelligence?
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our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; increases with age
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What is fluid intelligence?
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our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; decreases with age
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What is intellectual disability?
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A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; caries from mild to profound.
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What is down syndrome?
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A condition of mild to sever intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by extra 21 chromosome
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What its heritability?
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The proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes
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