Psych

Front 1

Treiman's feature integration theory (both have glasses)

Back 1

Damage to downstream of V1. Most likely, the inferior parietal cortex (important for spatial attention)

Front 2

encoding

Back 2

Left PFC

Front 3

Retreival

Back 3

Right PFC

Front 4

Episodic

Back 4

Frontal Lobe

Front 5

Semantic

Back 5

Lateral Temporal Cortex

Front 6

Priming (Elephant in static)

Back 6

Perceptual Representation System-Left frontal cortex)

Front 7

Skills/Habits

Back 7

basal ganglia/cerebellum; Procedural Memory

Front 8

Medial temporal lobe

Back 8

(forms)

Front 9

hippocampus

Back 9

(consolidates)

Front 10

Korsakoff’s syndrome (patient NA) amnesia)

Back 10

Dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus
Mammilary bodies of hypothalamus

Front 11

Parkinsons positive

Back 11

(resting tremors; rigidity)

Front 12

Parkinsons negative symptoms

Back 12

posture, locomotion, hypokinesia, bradykinesia)

Front 13

(goal focused; make money)

Back 13

DLPFC

Front 14

Areas involved in general sensation (Coke vs. Pepsi study)

Back 14

(VMPFC reward path)

Front 15

brand-related processing (Coke vs. Pepsi study)

Back 15

(Bilateral Hippocampus; Dorsolateral PFC)

Front 16

“high-road” to the amygdala

Back 16

slow + sure: thalamus-sensory cortex for finer analysis-amygdala)

Front 17

“low-road” to the amygdala

Back 17

(quick + dirty; responding to threat: thalamus/limited analysis-amygdala; bypass V1, ventral stream)

Front 18

OCD

Back 18

increased metabolic rates in orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate, and caudate nuclei

Front 19

treatment of depression and anxiety disorders like OCD

Back 19

SSRI’s like Prozac
surgery=stereotaxic cingulotomy lesions cingulate cortex.

Front 20

Schizophrenia symptoms

Back 20

positive (hallucinations, delusions, and excited motor behavior)
negative symptoms (slow and impoverished though and speech, emotional social withdrawal, blunted affect=expression)?

Front 21

Schizphrenic abnormalities

Back 21

hippocampus and amygdala are smaller
ventricular enlargement
hypofrontality (underactivation of the frontal lobes)

Front 22

Phonemes

Back 22

(smallest functioning unit of sound; cap v. tap)

Front 23

Graphemes

Back 23

smallest functioning unit of written language; letters)

Front 24

Morphemes

Back 24

(smallest meaningful unit of language (sign/signing)

Front 25

Lemma level

Back 25

(grammatical: noun, verb, male, female)

Front 26

Lexical level

Back 26

(phonological=through/threw; orthographic=threw/slew) (lexical selection=appropriate word for situation)

Front 27

orthographic

Back 27

threw/slew) (lexical selection=appropriate word for situation)

Front 28

semantic:

Back 28

threw-toss).

Front 29

Broca's aphasia

Back 29

(anterior non fluent aphasia)

Front 30

Wernicke's aphasia

Back 30

(posterior fluent aphasia

Front 31

paraphasias

Back 31

(plashing/splashing)

Front 32

Accumulation

Back 32

(fish turn blue, white belly)

Front 33

more sexual territory)

Back 33

(better spatial skills=bigger hippocampi

Front 34

What types of memory are most affected by normal aging?

Back 34

Sustaining attention
Inhibition
WM Maintaining and manipulating
Encoding/ retrieving episodic memory

Front 35

Medial Temporal Lobe

Back 35

Forms/ consolidates new episodic and semantic memories

Front 36

Temporal Cortex

Back 36

Stores episodic/semantic knowledge

Front 37

Assoc. sensory Cortex

Back 37

Perceptual priming

Front 38

Arcuate fasciculus

Back 38

Axons connect posterior temporal (Wernickes) with frontal (Brocas)
Transmit language info between

Front 39

Extrapyramidal tracts

Back 39

Maintaining posture and balance.

Front 40

Deafferented

Back 40

Signals from limb don’t reach CNS
Severed dorsal root of spinal cord

Front 41

Huntingtons disease

Back 41

Atrophy of the striatum (caudate and putamen)
Clumsiness and involuntary head/trunk movements

Front 42

Cortico spinal tract

Back 42

Originate in the primary motor cortex

Front 43

Parkinsons disease

Back 43

Loss of dopeminergic cells in substantia nigra (of basal ganglia)
Difficulty in initiating/slow movement, poor speech, resting tremors

Front 44

Bradykinesia

Back 44

Slowness movement initiation and execution

Front 45

Hemiplegia

Back 45

Loss of voluntary movements on one side of the body.
Damage to the cortico spinal tract

Front 46

Premotor cortex

Back 46

Forthcoming movement.

Front 47

Supplementary motor area

Back 47

Well learned movement production

Front 48

Apraxia

Back 48

Loss of skilled or purposeful movement
Cerebral Cortex lesion (left)

Front 49

Ideomotor apraxia

Back 49

Hard to execute action
Know how but can’t do

Front 50

Ideational apraxia

Back 50

Impaired intent of an action
Don’t know how to use tool

Front 51

Central Executive

Back 51

Dorsolateral PFC

Front 52

LPFC lesions (attention to tones)

Back 52

no attention for both contralesional + ipsilesional tones

Front 53

Stimulation when generating similar word

Back 53

Left interior frontal gyrus

Front 54

Can’t generate verb when too many choices

Back 54

Left inferior frontal cortex
Activates left temporal lobe (maybe LTM storage for semantic

Front 55

Anterior cingulated

Back 55

Found in the inferior prefrontal cortex
ACC=difficult task & novel condition (no need for SAS)


ACC works with PFC to monitor operation of system

Front 56

(damaged in Gage)

Back 56

Orbitofrontal cortex: Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Front 57

Social/ emotional decision making, processing, evaluation, filtering/inhibition

Back 57

Orbitofrontal cortex:
Lateral-orbital prefromtal cortex.

Front 58

Spiral ganglion-

Back 58

Cochlear nerve
Superior olivary nuclei (binaural input)
Inferior colliculus
Medial geniculate nucleus
Auditory cortex

Front 59

Akinetopsia

Back 59

Bilateral MT lesions

Front 60

Achromatopsia

Back 60

Inferior temporal V4/V8 lesions

Front 61

Visual form agnosia

Back 61

V1 inferior temporal cortex (ventral stream)

Front 62

Optic Ataxia (Patient R.V.)

Back 62

Impaired action perception (reading, grasping, eye movements)
Dorsal stream in posterior parietal cortex damage
superior longitudinal fasciculus

Front 63

Dorsal Route

Back 63

“Where” action
Superior longitudinal fasciculus (bundle of fibers)
40% respond to the fovea
60% respond to periphery (excluding fovea)

Front 64

Ventral Route

Back 64

“What” identification
Inferior longitudinal fasciculas
But less specific about location
Receptive fields always encompass the fovea

Front 65

Association Agnosia

Back 65

Can’t recognize
Downstream visual ventral pathway damage

Front 66

Prosopagnosia

Back 66

Generally right hemisphere; possible configuration reliance
Superior temporal Sulcus respond specifically to faces

Front 67

Fusiformface area (FFA)

Back 67

fusiform cortex right hemisphere (ventral stream)

Front 68

(goal based; top down)

Back 68

Dorsolateral PFC, ACC

Front 69

perceptual; bottom up)

Back 69

Occipital, parietal, and temporal (

Front 70

Brocas area=

Back 70

ventrolateral PFC

Front 71

Retrograde Tracer

Back 71

To find axon origination

Front 72

The absolute refractory period:

Back 72

Falling Phase
Na+ channels closed and inactivated
Temporal coding:
How many AP’s

Front 73

Acetylcholine

Back 73

Makes mouth muscles contract as you smile

Front 74

Temporal Resolution:

Back 74

Single-unit recording = ERP = MEG > TMS > fMRI > PET > reversible induced lesions > chronic human lesions

Front 75

Spatial Resolution:

Back 75

Single-unit recording > reversible induced lesions > fMRI > PET = TMS > chronic human lesions > MEG > ERP.

Front 76

Optic Radiations

Back 76

LGN to V1 and whose axons course through the temporal and parietal lobes?

Front 77

Blindsight damage

Back 77

Primary visual cortex (V1) or the optic radiations (axons connecting the LGN to V1)
a) Blindsight represents functioning of the intact (not damaged) retino-collicular
pathway.
b) There are “islands of preserved cortical function” that support detection of the
stimulus.

Front 78

Damage optic ataxia

Back 78

Damage to the superior longitudinal fasciculus causes this disorder,

Front 79

92%
Visual form agnosia is associated with damage to which area?

Back 79

c: LO 81%

Front 80

Right Inferior Posterior Parietal Lobe
damage.

Back 80

Ipsilateral Cue/Ipsilateral Target fastest
d) Ipsilateral Cue/Contralateral Target slowest difficulty disengaging attention

Front 81

Question 1: A digit-span task :

Back 81

b: Left Ventrolateral

Front 82

Question 2: Mental rotation of imagined objects:

Back 82

c: Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Front 83

Question 3: Mental arithmetic of a sequence of numbers that are being spoken to you

Back 83

a: Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex 50%

Front 84

A 3-back task that involved matching spatial positions of a dot on the
computer screen

Back 84

c: Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex 50%

Front 85

Question 5: A task requiring you to respond every time your face was shown
during a sequence of different faces

Back 85

d: Right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex 42%

Front 86

Question 1: A loud explosion occurs in the corner of your room, and you quickly
turn your head to see what it is. You have just demonstrated:

Back 86

d: exogenous overt orienting 82%

Front 87

Which of these structures is more involved when you are first learning to serve a tennis ball as compared to when you have had extensive practice?

Back 87

b: Cerebellum 56%

Front 88

Which is these structures is more involved when you are imagining your tennis serve as opposed to
actually swinging the racket?

Back 88

d: Supplementary motor area (SMA) 82%

Front 89

This region modulates motor activity by resolving competition between possible movements, thereby
gating only selected movements to action.

Back 89

c: Basal Ganglia 79%

Front 90

PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) is thought to be due in part to problems with fear conditioning. Which of the following statements about PTSD is FALSE:

Back 90

d: Drugs that block LTP might be useful in this disorder because they
increase the likelihood that new associations will be learned and replace the
older associations that are causing the PTSD.
45%