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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is homeostasis?
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body makes restorative changes to maintain a steady internal environment
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What is negative feedback?
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Detection of a rise in a variable that turns off the correction mechanism(s) restroing it
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What is Satiety?
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A feeling of "fullness" or of being satisfied
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What is Glucose?
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Simple sugar broken down from carbohydrates
- brain's only fuel - other cells also use glucose when available but can only import if insulin is present |
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What is Glucoprivation?
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Drop in blood glucose detected by receptors in brainstem and liver
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What are triglycerides?
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How fat fuel is stored within the body, glycerol + 3 fatty acids
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What is adipose tissue?
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Cells that store triglycerides
- Amount of triglycerides within each cell determines size of cell, fatness/thiness of person - release leptin as signal to brain of sufficient fat stores |
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Where are glucose levels detected?
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In the medulla and liver
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How does the liver send signals to the brainstem?
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Via the Vagus Nerve
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What happens if glucose is plentiful within the body?
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Pancreas releases insulin, which allows:
- body cells to use glucose - liver to store extra glucose as glycogen - excessive glucose to be stored as triglycerides in fat cells |
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What is done with excess Glucose and what must be present to do this?
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Excess glucose is stored as triglycerides in fat cells, must have insulin to do this.
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What is most responsible for feeling hungry?
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NPY (neuropeptide Y) very strongly stimulates appetite and eating
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What is glucoprivation?
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A dramatic fall in the level of fatty acids available to cells; usually caused by drugs that inhibit fatty acid metabolism.
- It activates neurons in the medulla that release NPY |
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What leads to the release of NPY and then what happens?
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-Glucoprivation activates neurons in the medulla to release NPY
- NPY excites the lateral hypothalamus to release MCH (melenin-concentrating hormone) and orexin, which both stimulate appetite (and decrease metabolism) |
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What determines levels of Ghrelin?
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Rise and fall based on nutrients in guts, not blood
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