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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Group
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Two or more people interacting interdependently to achieve a common goal.
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Formal work groups
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Groups that are established by organizations to facilitate that achievement or organizational goals.
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Informal groups
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Groups that emerge naturally in response to the common interests of organizational members.
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Punctuated equilibrium model
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A model of group development that describes how groups with deadlines are affected by their first meeting and crucial midpoint transitions.
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Additive tasks
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tasks in which group performance is dependent on the sum of the performance of individual group members
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Disjunctive tasks
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Tasks in which group performance is dependent on the performance of the best group member.
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Process losses
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Group performance difficulties stemming from the problems of motivating and coordinating larger groups.
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Conjunctive tasks
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Tasks in which group performance is limited by the performance of the poorest group member.
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Norms
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Collective expectations that members of social units have regarding the behaviour of each other.
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Roles
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Positions in a group that have a set of expected behaviours attached to them.
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Role ambiguity
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Lack of clarity of job goals or methods.
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Role conflict
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A condition of being faced with incompatible role expectations.
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Intrasender role conflict
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A single role sender provides incompatible role expectations to a role occupant.
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Intersender role conflict
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Two or more role senders provide a role occupant with incompatible expectations.
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Interrole conflict
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Several roles held by a role occupant involve incompatible expectations.
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Person-role conflict
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Role demands call for behaviour that is incompatible with the personality or skills of a role occupant.
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Status
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The rank, social position, or prestige accorded to group members.
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Group cohesiveness
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The degree to which a group is especially attractive to its members.
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Social loafing
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The tendency to withhold physical or intellectual effort when performing a group task.
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Self-managed work teams
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Work groups that have the opportunity to do challenging work under reduced supervision.
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Cross-functional teams
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Work groups that bring people with difference functional specialties together to better invent, design, or deliver a product or service.
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Superordinate goals
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Attractive outcomes that can only be achieved by collaboration.
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Virtual teams
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Work groups that use technology to communicate and collaborate across time, space, and organizational boundaries.
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