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18 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
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substance related disorders symptoms
substance abuse |
1 or more of:
-worky, school, or home probs -physically hazardous use -legal probs -continued use despite social problems |
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substance related disorders symptoms
substance dependence |
3+symptoms in 12 m. period
hightened physiological addiction -tolerance: need for increased amount to achieve intoxication withdrawl: char. whithdrawl syndrome from substance -unsuccessful efforst to cult down or control use -more use than intended -great deal of time spent using or in activity related to substance -social, occupational , or recreational activiities given up or reduced due to use -continued use despite knowledge of physical/psychological probs |
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substance-related disorders
categories of substances |
-sedatives/hypnotics
-stimulants -opiates hallucinogens |
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sedatives and hypnotics
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slow activity of CNS
-alcohol -marijuana -benzodiazepines: anti-anxiety meds |
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stimulants
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increase activity in CNS
-cocaine -amphetamines -nicotine (ppl withdrawl symptoms leaving is what makes them feel relaxation) -caffeine |
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Opiates
"narcotics" |
drugs that block pain
-heroin -vicodin -morphine, methadone |
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hallucinogens
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drugs that alter conciousness/induce psychosis
LSD PCP muchrooms |
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causes of substance related disorders
sociocultural theory |
exposed to drug in envir. to beign using drug
living understressful conditions (SES, minority member, family envir all increase anxiety and ppl use drugs to manage emotion) increase use |
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causes of substance related disorders
behavioral theory |
+ reinforcemtn: drug provide pleasurable experience (immediate pleasurable experience when drug taken)
-reinforcement: drug use can remove unpleasant experiences (withdrawl symptoms, anxiety, depression, etc)...self medication opponent process theory: increase in + feelins will be followed by an increase in - feelings some time later, and visa versa (as addiction progresses, - feelings after use increase which increases person's need for the drug) addiction is wanting the wrong thing badly |
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causes of substance related disorders
cognitive theory |
if expect to feel experience from use, will be more related to use
-what expect to happen in situation has influence on resulting perceptions and interpretations of what actually occurs |
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causes of substance related disorders
bio theory |
early intervention=better prognosis
dopamine is NT associated w/ pleasurable experiences (when taking drugs, person becomes adapted to higher levels of dopamine so brain stops producint on own, makin gfor uncomfortable experience leading them to take the drug just to feel normal) relapse is part of the change process |
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substance disorder treatment
behavioral therapy |
aversion therapy: pair substance use w/ extreemly unpleasant thing
covert sensitization: when person having cravings imagine uncomfortable scenes ---implicit aversion therapy: person recalls/pictures life of ruin associated w/ drug use |
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substance disorder treatment
CBT |
controlled use approach: drink/use in moderation
designed to hlep ppl make better druge use behavior (decrease harmful behaviors, not necessarily the substance abuse) harm reduction: empathic, non-judgemental relapse prevention: assume relapse will happen, see what happens right before relapse to judge cause abstinence violation effect: guilt/loss of control person feels when they relapse (interrupt this for better prognosis) |
controlled use approach:
harm reduction relapse prevention abstinence violation effect |
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substance disorder treatment
bio therapy |
detox
pharmaceuticals: antagonistic drugs-block/counteract pleasurable drug affects agonist substitution: substitute safer drug w/ safer chemical composition (patients able to stop use w/o withdrawal, but not meant to be long-term recovery) aversive treatment: drugs that make use of drugs extremely unpleasant |
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substance disorder treatment
sociocultural therapy |
residential treatment
self-help: AA community prevention programs |
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substance disorder treatment
sociocultural therapy motivational interviewing |
talk therapy-if come onto patient too strong, patient will often become more invested in use
ambivilance seen as part of change process -collaborate w/ egaliarian repsonse -express empathy -present discrepancy btw who they are and what they are doing in their life -support patients self-efficacy |
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impulse-control disorders symptoms
intermittent explosive disorder |
failure to resists aggressive impulses
aggression out of proportion to any precipitating cause psychosocial disorder |
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impulse-control disorders symptoms
trichotillomania |
recurrent pulling out of ones hair
sense of tension before pulling, after pulling decrease in anxiety (often comorbid w/ OCD) pleasure/relief when pulling out hair usually treated w/ ERP |
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