Psych 302 Chapter 12

Front 1

Social Facilitation:

Back 1

behavior of one animal prompts similar behaviors from another animal, but the behavior is already in the repertoire of the imitator

Front 2

Stimulus Enhancement:

Back 2

the behavior of a model directs the attention of the learner to a particular stimulus or place in the environment

Front 3

True Imitation:

Back 3

when an animal imitates a behavior that it has never done before, when it is an unusual behavior pattern for that species which probably wouldn't have been learned if the animal did not observe it first.

Front 4

Generalize Imitation:

Back 4

A behavior analytic approach based on principles of operant conditioning - history of reinforcement can lead to imitation of similar behaviors, but every behaviors doesn't have to be reinforced to be repeated.

Front 5

Bandura's theory of imitation:

Back 5

4 factors that determine whether imitative behavior will occur (cognitive approach):
1)Attentional Processes
2) Retentional Processes
3) Motor Reproductive Processes
4)Incentive & Motivational Processes

Front 6

Bandura's criticism of the generalized imitation theory:

Back 6

1) doesn't explain why observers will imitate a reinforced model more readily than a punished model
2) doesn't distinguish between the learning and performance of an imitative behavior

Front 7

Mazurs behavioral approach agreement between bandura's theory and the generalized theory:

Back 7

Imitation will occur when the current sit. is similar to sit. in which the observer has been reinforced for imitation in the past
-Imitation will not occur when the current sit is similar to sit in which the observer has been punished in the past

**Both theories can explain imitation.

Front 8

More likely to Imitate model with....

Back 8

Rewardingness
Power
Dominant
Similarity to the Observer
Sincerity

Front 9

Variables that the observer is more likely to imitate support.....

Back 9

generalized imitation theory - b/c they reflect the effect of past experiences

Bandura's Theory b/c they reflect the child's expectations of future reinforcement

Front 10

Parents affect on achievement motivation:

Back 10

can directly reinforce either strict or lenient standards of achievement in their children

Front 11

Modeling and Aggression:

Back 11

Parents who punish aggressive behaviors with physical punishment are providing their children with models of aggressive behavior.
Correlationally- more aggressive children watch violent tv.

Front 12

Observational Learning in:

Back 12

Phobias (animals and people)
Addictions (socially reinforced)
Cognitive Development: (improves most with observational learning)
Conservation Task: (water and beaker tests)
Moral Judgments and Behavior: (more likely to do irrational things when you see a model do it)

Front 13

Graduated Modeling Therapy:

Back 13

Progressing from simple to more demanding behaviors

Front 14

Participant Modeling (therapy):

Back 14

the patient imitates the behavior of the model in each step of the treatment and the patients involvement with the object of the phobia becomes more demanding each time.

Front 15

Video Self Modeling:

Back 15

increases the performance of desired behaviors by having clients watch themselves correctly perform these behaviors.