Psych 301 Chapter 8

Front 1

Agnostic Behavior

Back 1

Animal competition: fighting and aggression that is not involved in prey predator relationship.

Front 2

Siblicidal Species:

Back 2

Competition for resources (food) among siblings
Prevented if additional food is provided.
The shortage of food, in slow delivery of small morsels leads to the largest nestling to monopolize.

Front 3

Intraspecific Predation:

Back 3

Cannibalism. Gains food and eliminates competitors.

ex. beetles, embryonic sharks, termites, red land crabs.

Front 4

Competitive Exclusion:

Back 4

When 2 species compete with each other for the same limited resource, one species will usually become more effective at obtaining and using the resource. The weaker one is forced to occupy a less preferred habitat

Front 5

Example of Competitive Exclusion:

Back 5

Vole Mont. and Vole Long.
Vole Mont is more aggressive in grass, so the Vole long usually lives in shrubs

Front 6

How do aggression and agnostic behavior increase the individuals reproductive success?

Back 6

1) Help individuals find a mate
2)Guards their mate against mating with others
3) Increases their chances for fertilization
4) Reduces the offsprings cometition

Front 7

Male Red Deer Assessment Stages:

Back 7

1) Roar (the fastest roar indicated superior fighting abilities if weaker backs down = ritualized
2)Parallel Wlak
3) Serious Fight (Rutting)

Front 8

Factors that determine which male lion gets to mate with female lion:

Back 8

Younger Lion
Larger Stronger Lion
Whoever gets their first!

Front 9

Cost Benefit Analysis of Male Lions Fighting:

Back 9

Cost = high lions are harmful
Benefit= low lion reproduction is only 1/3000.

Front 10

Territory

Back 10

An area an animal will defend

Front 11

Home Range

Back 11

Larger area in which the animal carries out its normal activities of looking for food and mates

Front 12

Core Area:

Back 12

A den or next and it's immediate surroundings where th animal spends most of it's time.

Front 13

2 Main Factors which determine who win Territoriality...

Back 13

Resident usually wins if equally matched
Size usually wins if unequally matched.

Front 14

3 Common Methods for animals marking their territory:

Back 14

urine
feces
special built in scent glands

Front 15

When is territoriality used?

Back 15

when the animal could depend on regular support from the resources in territory

Front 16

When will aggression increase?

Back 16

The more valuable the resource, the more aggressive.

ex. Sun birds and hummingbirds

Front 17

Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS):

Back 17

A way of behaving that gradually becomes the dominant strategy in population of animals over time.

Front 18

Bourgeois Strategy:

Back 18

Optimal ESS, cannot be defeated by other strategies "Be a hawk when you're in your own territory, be a dove when you're in someone elses"

Front 19

Conspecifics:

Back 19

members of the same species