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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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industry versus inferiority |
The fourth of Erikson's eight psychosocial crises, during which children attempt to master many skills, developing a sense of themselves as either industrious or inferior, competent or incompetent. |
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latency |
Freud's term for middle childhood, during which children's emotional drives and psychosexual needs are quiet (latent). Freud thought that sexual conflicts from earlier stages are only temporarily submerged, bursting forth again at puberty. |
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resilience |
The capacity to adapt well to significant adversity and to overcome serious stress. |
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social comparison |
The tendency to assess one's abilities, achievements, social status, and other attributes by measuring them against other people, especially one's peers. |
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extended family |
A family of three or more generations living in one household. |
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family function |
The way a family works to meet the needs of its members. Children need families to provide basic material necessities, to encourage learning, to help them develop self-respect, to nurture friendships, and to foster harmony and stability. |
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family structure |
The legal and genetic relationships among relatives living in the same home; includes nuclear family, extended family, stepfamily, and so on. |
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nuclear family |
A family that consists of a father, a mother, and their biological children under age 18. |
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polygamous family |
A family consisting of one man, several wives, and their children. |
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single-parent family |
A family that consists of only one parent and his or her biological children under age 18. |
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aggressive-rejected |
Rejected by peers because of antagonistic, confrontational behavior. |
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bully-victim |
Someone who attacks others and who is attacked as well. |
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bullying |
Repeated, systematic efforts to inflict harm through physical, verbal, or social attack on a weaker person. |
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child culture |
The particular habits, styles, and values that reflect the set of rules and rituals that characterize children as distinct from adult society. |
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withdrawn-rejected |
Rejected by peers because of timid, withdrawn, and anxious behavior. |
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conventional moral reasoning |
Kohlberg's second level of moral reasoning, emphasizing social rules. |
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postconventional moral reasoning |
Kohlberg's third level of moral reasoning, emphasizing moral principles. |
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preconventional moral reasoning |
Kohlberg's first level of moral reasoning, emphasizing rewards and punishments. |
