Psych 24 Ch. 10

Front 1

The ability to control when and how emotions are expressed.

Back 1

emotional regulation

Front 2

When does the most important psychosocial development occur and what is it?

Back 2

between 2 and 6; it is emotional regulation

Front 3

How a person evaluates his or her own worth, either in specifics (e.g., intelligence, attractiveness) or overall.

Back 3

self-esteem

Front 4

A person's understanding of who he or she is; includes appearance, personality, and various traits.

Back 4

self-concept

Front 5

Goals or drives that come from inside a person, such as the need to feel smart or competent.

Back 5

intrinsic motivation

Front 6

The need for rewards from outside, such as material possessions or someone else's esteem.

Back 6

extrinsic motivation

Front 7

Difficulty with emotional regulation that involves outwardly expressing emotions in uncontrolled ways, such as by lashing out in impulsive anger or attacking other people or things.

Back 7

externalizing problems

Front 8

Difficulty with emotional regulation that involves turning one's emotional distress inward, as by feeling excessively guilty, ashamed, or worthless.

Back 8

internalizing problems

Front 9

The ability to understand the emotions of another person, especially when those emotions differ from one's own.

Back 9

empathy

Front 10

Feelings of anger, distrust, dislike, or even hatred toward another person.

Back 10

antipathy

Front 11

Feeling and acting in ways that are helpful and kind, without obvious benefit to oneself.

Back 11

Prosocial behavior

Front 12

Feeling and acting in ways that are deliberately hurtful or destructive to another person.

Back 12

Antisocial behavior

Front 13

Hurtful behavior that is intended to get or keep something that another person has.

Back 13

Instrumental aggression

Front 14

An impulsive retaliation for another person's intentional or accidental actions, verbal or physical.

Back 14

Reactive aggression

Front 15

Unprovoked, repeated physical or verbal attack, especially on victims who are unlikely to defend themselves.

Back 15

Bullying aggression

Front 16

Child rearing with high behavioral standards, punishment of misconduct, and low communication.

Back 16

authoritarian parenting

Front 17

Child rearing with high nurturance and communication but rare punishment, guidance, or control.

Back 17

permissive parenting

Front 18

Child rearing in which the parents set limits but listen to the child and are flexible.

Back 18

authoritative parenting

Front 19

A disciplinary technique that involves threatening to withdraw love and support and that relies on a child's feelings of guilt and gratitude towards the parents.

Back 19

psychological control

Front 20

A disciplinary technique in which a child is separated from other people for a specified time.

Back 20

time - out

Front 21

Biological differences between males and females, in organs, hormones, and body type.

Back 21

sex differences

Front 22

Differences in the roles and behavior of males and females that originate in the culture.

Back 22

gender differences

Front 23

In Psychoanalytic theory:
The unconscious desire of young boys to replace their father and win their mother's exclusive love.

Back 23

Oedipus complex

Front 24

In Psychoanalytic theory:
The judgmental part of the personality that internalizes moral standards of the parents.

Back 24

superego

Front 25

In Psychoanalytic theory:
The unconscious desire of girls to replace their mother and win their father's exclusive love.

Back 25

Electra complex

Front 26

An attempt to defend one's self-concept by taking on the behaviors and attitudes of someone else.

Back 26

identification

Front 27

A cognitive concept or general belief based on one's experiences -in this case, a child's understanding of sex differences.

Back 27

gender schema

Front 28

A balance, within a person, of traditionally male and female psychological characteristics.

Back 28

androgyny

Front 29

Children of these countries are especially encouraged to regulate these emotions:
-United States
-Puerto Rico
-China
-Japan

Back 29

-United States = fear
-Puerto Rico = anger
-China = pride
-Japan = aggression

Front 30

Illness or disorder that involves the mind.

Back 30

Psychopathology

Front 31

The first sign of psychopathology in children is:

Back 31

lack of emotional regulation. (starting with impulse control) Usually anger.

Front 32

Emotional regulation is controlled by this part of the brain:

Back 32

the Prefrontal Cortex which reacts to the limbic system

Front 33

Normally, neurological advances in the prefrontal cortex occur at about age:

Back 33

4 or 5

Front 34

Girls are better at regulating their _________ emotions, while boys are better at regulating their _________ emotions.

Back 34

Girls: externalizing emotions
Boys: internalizing emotions

Front 35

What is the significance of a 3yr old vs. a 5yr old hitting their mom?

Back 35

3yr old = experimenting
5yr old = very serious emotional problems

Front 36

-Expressions of warmth
-Strategies for discipline
-Communication
-Expectations for maturity

Back 36

what are the four dimensions Baumrind evaluated parents on.

Front 37

What are some of the problems with Baumrind's Parenting Styles model?

Back 37

There was very little economic, ethnic, or cultural diversity in the sample and she didn't take into account the child's contribution to the child-parent relationship.

Front 38

experts advise parents to minimize media exposure, including no TV before age:

Back 38

before age 2

Front 39

Preschoolers who watched a lot of violence on TV were:

Back 39

more violent and less creative; having lower grades in school when they were older. Effects were greater for girls who watched violence.