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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is Free Will only an illusion |
Because behaviour is controlled not by the organism but by the environment, through experience |
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Prepardness |
to associate injury with nearby objects or animals (2 rat experiment with electro shock) |
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IRMs |
Innate Releasing Mechanisms: activators for inborn, adaptive responses that aid in an animal's survival -match stimuli to appropriate innate response |
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Are IRMs prewired in our brains? Are their functional properties permanent and fixed? |
IRMs are prewired but they can be modified by experience |
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How are IRMs genetically shared amongst an entire species? |
the nat sel of specific behaviours is really the nat sel of particular brain circuits -because behaviour patterns are produced by the activity of neurons |
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The hypothalamus plays a central role in controlling motivated behaviour but it takes instructions from which 2 brain structures? |
Limbic System (amygdala) and frontal lobes |
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Two general classes of motivated behaviours |
1) Regulatory = motivated by survival (thermostat) 2) Nonregulatory = motivated by stimulus |
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The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by acting on both the _______ system and the ___________ system to regulate internal environemnt |
1) endocrine 2) Automative Nervous System |
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?The hypothalamus can be divided into three regions: |
1) Lateral (Medial Forebrain Bundle - MFB) 2) Medial 3) Periventricular |
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?Medial Forebrain Bundle |
Connects brainstem structures to limbic Dopamine containing fibers contribute to: -control eating, sex -addiction and impulsivity |
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Hypothalamic Involvement with Hormone Secretion |
1) Posterior: peptides down hypo axon, stored in posterior terminal, neurons activate, into capillary (vasporessin, oxy) 2) Anterior: synthesizes hormones in anterior, hyp sends releasing hormone, can inhibit or excite anterior to release |
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Three factors control hypothalamic hormone release |
1) Feedback Loop: detecting receptors 2) Neuronal Regulation: diff brain structures (sight, sound, though = oxy = milk OR anxiety = inhibition of oxy = no milk) |
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What structure helps to guide non-regulatory behaviours --> Approach and Avoid? feeding and sexuality |
Limbic System/Amygdala |
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If the Hippocampus is stimulated it plays a role in _______-________ behaviours that are rewarding |
species-specific (survival and reward) ex: cats killing or rats digging **???Amygdala is also a critical structure in species specific behaviour |
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What role does the frontal lobe play in motivational behaviours? |
Timing - prefrontal cortex determines when behaviours emerge ex: JC: damage to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex -behaviours were controlled by specific environmental cues ex: JP: lacked a frontal lobe, Agenesis - unaffected by past consequences or environment |
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3 major structures in motivation and emotion? |
1) amygdala (limbic) 2) Frontal cortex 3) hypothalamus |
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Lesions of the Amygdala can give rise to: |
hypersexuality indiscriminate eating |
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??Frontal Lobe regions (2 of 4) |
dorsolateral: ? orbital:initiative, drive, autonomic responses, food preferences |
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Lubotomy |
damage to frontal circuits -can loose porosity
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