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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sound shadow
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an area of reduced sound intensity around the ear farther away from where a sound originates.
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skin senses
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the senses relating to pressure, touch, and pain
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nociceptive pain
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a negative feeling caused by an external stimulus
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neurophathic pain
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a negative feeling caused by a malfunction in the central nervous system.
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referred pain
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a negative feeling that occurs when sensory information from internal and external areas converges on the same nerve cells in the spinal cord.
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endorphin
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a morphine-like chemical that inhibits pain signals and is released by the medial forebrain bundle.
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endogenous
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means “directed by a person’s internal decisions.”
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exogenous
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means “directed by external stimuli.”
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inattentional blindness
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describes the failure to perceive a given stimulus.
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change blindness
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describes the failure to detect drastic visual changes in a scene.
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change deafness
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describes the failure to detect drastic auditory changes.
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cocktail party effect
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a phenomenon in which selective attention allows a person to concentrate on one voice and ignore many others.
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pop-out stimulus
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a stimulus that is important or interesting to a person
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preattentive processing
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a complex processing of information that occurs without a person’s conscious awareness.
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top-down processing
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refers to our use of beliefs, experiences, expectations, and other concepts to shape our view of the world.
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unconscious inference
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a phenomenon in which a person’s visual systems use sensory information to draw conclusions about what he or she sees.
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perceptual set
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a mental disposition based on previous experiences and expectations that influences the way a person perceives things.
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law of pragnanz
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a law that states that a person organizes a stimulus into the simplest possible form.
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proximity
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the tendency to perceive objects that are close to one another as part of the same group
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similarity
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the tendency to perceive objects that are the same shape, size, or color as part of a pattern
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symmetry
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the tendency to perceive two unconnected but symmetrical shapes as one object.
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figure
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the object on which a person is focusing.
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ground
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the environment surrounding the object of focus, or the figure
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feature integration theory
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suggests that people organize stimuli based on knowledge of how their features should be combined.
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perceptual adaptation
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a process in which a person adjusts to changes in the environment by adjusting sensory input.
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synesthesia
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a condition in which signals from the sensory organs are processed in the wrong cortical areas of the brain.
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