Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
absolute threshold
|
smallest intensity of a stimulus that must be present for it to be detected
|
|
|
difference threshold
|
smallest level of added (or reduced) stimulation required to sense a change.
JND - Just Noticeable Difference |
|
|
Sensory adaption
|
an adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to unchanging stimuli
|
|
|
cornea
|
Where light 1st enters the eye.
Protects eye and refracts lights (curved, transparent protective layer) |
|
|
Pupil
|
Opening depends on amount of light. Small black circle in middle of eye.
Opening behind the cornea. |
|
|
Iris
|
The colored part of the eye, the iris functions like the aperture of a camera, controlling the size of the pupil to optimize the amount of light that enters the eye.
|
|
|
Lens
|
bends the light rays so they can be properly focused on the retina.
|
|
|
Retina
|
light is converted to electrical impulses for transmission to the brain.
|
|
|
rods
|
light sensitive
|
|
|
cons
|
sharp focus and color perception. dark and light adaption.
|
|
|
fovea
|
is the retina’s point of central focus.
|
|
|
blind spot
|
where the optic nerve meets the retina. Light images that fall on this part of eye cannot be seen.
|
|
|
visual cortex of the brain
|
processing takes place here
|
|
|
feature detection
|
features of the stimuli are analyzed.
|
|
|
opponent-process theory of color vision
|
explains afterimages. receptor cells work in pairs.
|
|
|
sound
|
movement of air molecules brought by vibration.
|
|
|
eardrum
|
operates like a drum
|
|
|
outer ear
|
detect direction of sound.
|
|
|
Inner ear
|
location of receptor cells
|
|
|
cochlea
|
site of transduction for sound
|
|
|
middle ear
|
amplifies sound, 3 smallest bones in body.
|
|
|
inner ear
|
location of receptor cells
|
|
|
cochlea
|
site of transduction for sound
|
|
|
basilar membrane
|
converts sound waves into neural activity
|
|
|
frequency
|
# of wave cells in a second
|
|
|
amplitude
|
loudness of sound
|
|
|
place theory
|
different areas of the basil membrane respond to different frequencies. Explains sensation of high frequency sounds.
|
|
|
frequency theory
|
entire basil membrane acts like a microphone, vibrating. Explains low sensing sounds.
|
|
|
olfactory cells
|
cells found throughout nasal cavity (receptors for smell)
|
|
|
pheromones
|
smell we give out
|
|
|
sweet
sour salty bitter umami |
sweet- safe
sour- rotten salty- good/important bitter- poisonous umami- savery (meat) |
|
|
supertasters
|
more sensitive to all tastes.
|
|
|
substance P
|
what is released from cells when you get injured.
|
|
|
acupuncture
|
tries to close the gates of pain
|
|
|
feature analysis
|
processing of individual elements of an object ( such as lines, direction, and movement)
|
|
|
closure
|
tend to fill in gaps we think fit in
|
|
|
proximity
|
objects closer to each other get grouped together.
|
|
|
similarity
|
if images are similar they are grouped together
|
|
|
simplicity
|
Olympic rings only look at the 5 circles not all the different shapes in between.
|
|
|
top-down processing
|
general view to more specific view
|
|
|
bottom-up processing
|
specific to general.
|
|
|
binocular disparity
|
different retinal images received by each eye.
|
|
|
monocular cues
|
cues that require only one eye to provide depth. ex) light and shadow
|
|
|
motion parallax
|
perception of motion. If were moving, nearby objects appear to move faster in the opposite direction than do faraway ones.
|
|
|
linear perspective
|
railroad tracks. you know track doesnt stop but it looks like it does.
|
