Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Central Nervous System (CNS)
|
brain and spinal cord
-retina also part of CNS |
|
|
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
|
cranial and spinal nerves
|
|
|
Neurons
|
brain cells that transmit info
|
|
|
Glia or Glial cells
|
non-neural cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for brain's neurons
|
|
|
Dendrite
|
receive messages from other neurons
|
|
|
Soma
|
cell body
|
|
|
Axon
|
carries message away from soma
|
|
|
Myelin sheath
|
insulates axons
|
|
|
Axon Potential
|
brief electrochemical event that is carried by an axon from soma of neuron to its terminal boutons
|
|
|
SP
|
all or none event that causes release of NT
|
|
|
Ion channels/ ion transporters
|
help 'create' event by regulating the number of ions inside and outside the axon
|
|
|
Resting potential
|
membrane of axon is 'charged' while at rest (-70 millivolts) meaning that inside has more negative charged ions (Cl-) as compared to outside (channels closed)
|
|
|
Axon potential
|
when cell gets 'excited' (from another cell) channels open and ions flow, reversing membrane potential (NA+ goes in!!)- causes release of neurotransmitter
|
|
|
After AP
|
NA channels close and the K channels open, letting K+ exit, restoring negative resting potential
|
|
|
Synaptic transmission
|
process by which neurons communicate w/ other cells through synapses
|
|
|
Drugs
|
-can alter function of neuron by changing ST via impacting neurotransmitter function
-can stimulate or inhibit NT release, mimic the effects of certain NTs, block effects, interfere w/ reuptake of NT after release |
|
|
Glutamate
|
excitatory neurotransmitter
|
|
|
GABA
|
inhibitory neurotransmitter
|
|
|
Acetylcholine
|
muscular movement
|
|
|
Monoamines
|
includes dopamine, serotonins, and norepinephrine
|
