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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Depression: Pathology
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lowered mood, behaviour change, lethargy, psychomotorretardation. affects 15-20% of pop @ some point.
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Depression: Treatment
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combination of meds & non-med intervention (small % dot response to talk therapy- more bio depression)
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SOME depressed individuals experience ............ difficulties; info processing speed, memory, attention & reasoning
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genuine
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Depression related dementia; occurs in ........... patients (is some times miss diagnosed for .......
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elderly, AD
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Depression related dementia. Is characterised by; - withdrawal of ..............-psycho........ retardation. -.................. thinking & impaired .................- slow .................. processing system
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interest, motor, laboured, cognition, information
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Depression related dementia. Attention:
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Poor sustained attention, preoccupied with depressive themes
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Depression related dementia. Reasoning: Impaired .......
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WM
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Memory in depression: Anterograde. - impaired new learning. - v................ learning. - impaired .......... recall. -................... memory, relatively intact.
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v.flattened, delay, recognition
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Memory in depression:
Retrograde. |
possible. may experience temporal confusion.
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Neuroimaging in depression. - brain architecture .......... - ............ reduction in function. - often particular reducing in ...... & coagulate regions. - often function decrease in .............. regions.
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intact. - generalised. - FL - subcortical.
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Depression: cognitive recovery
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cog repairment w/ successful treatment of depression. initially it was considered that s full recovery would occur- but emerging evidence suggests the potential for permeant changes in neural structure of severe depressive cases (due to the imbalance of NTs)
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Case study: M.H
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63yr old women. long history of sep most of adult life0 incr after the death of her husband- anti sep not work. apathetic, teary BUT well dressed, poor att and WM, slowed speed of processing. intact but slow reasoning. impaired ant, intact ret. cg function impaired.
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Psychogenic amnesia
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memry loss due to an INSTIGATING EVENT or process that does NOT result in damage to brain structure- RARE.
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Psychogenic amnesia, different types; - G........... syndrome. - ............. state & M................ P.................. D....................
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Gaser syndrome (rare dissociative disorder previously classified as a factitious disorder. It is characterized by nonsensical or wrong answers to questions or doing things incorrectly, other dissociative symptoms such as fugue, amnesia or conversion disorder, often with visual pseudohallucinations and a decreased state of consciousness). Fugue state. Multiple personalities disorder (loss of autobiographical memory but gain of a whole new identity)
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Psychogenic Fugue (Fugue state)
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COMPLETE loss of autobiographical memories (loss of identity). - Often the result of an emotionally traumatic event. - Personality type generally consistent. - No recall about self but retain skills (implicit- procedural men). - Lasts weeks, months, years (during which time may establish new identity). Eventually remember retro but forget new memories acquired during the fugue episode.
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Three stages of Fugue. Stage 1:
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enter fugue state, wander for extended periods of time- unaware of men loss.
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Three stages of Fugue. Stage 2:
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develop AWARENESS of men loss (usually at med attention)
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Three stages of Fugue. Stage 3:
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recover from fugue state- usually spontaneous.
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Cognition during fugue
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- INTEL FUNCTIONG NORMAL. - ATT, LANGUAGE, VISUSPATIAL SKILL ARE ENTIRELY NORMAL. - MODD- SITUATION APPROPRIATE.
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memory during fugue
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- complete loss of retrograde, and personal, semantic retro. rECALL OF NON-personal semantic (PM name) is intact. New learning, novel info intact. delayed recall of novel info intact. implicit good- explicit mot (in relation to auto)
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Neuroimaging in fugue patients
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ONLY 1 CASE: PET study- no R side activation small L activation in L T and F lobes.
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Fugue Vs. Malingering
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Malingering; associated with conscious faking to get gain. Whilst fugue may be associated with gain- it's not a conscious pursuit.
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Case study: G.E.
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52yr old man, seen in ER, reasoning and prob solving normal, no big event, but personal situation deteriorating for some time, consistent w/ stage 2 FUGUE STATE.
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