Psyc20006 Biological Psychology (Melbourne Uni) Lecture 22

Front 1

A .............................. binding to a receptor produces either an EPSPs or an IPSPs*Glutamate produces EPSPs*GABA produces IPSPs

Back 1

neurotransmitter

Front 2

A neuromodulator-

Back 2

alters the action of systems of
neurons that transmit information using either glutamate or GABA

Front 3

Drugs and Synaptic Transmission - ..................... substances are susceptible to drug manipulation

Back 3

Transmitter

Front 4

Direct agonist:

Back 4

a drug that competitively binds to and activates a receptor

Front 5

Direct antagonist:

Back 5

a drug that competitively binds to but does not activate a receptor

Front 6

Indirect agonist:

Back 6

a drug that non-competitively binds to a receptor and facilitates excitation.

Front 7

Indirect antagonist:

Back 7

a drug that non-competitively binds to a receptor and facilitates inhibition.

Front 8

The monoamine transmitters share a common structure and form a family of ........................... * Catecholamines include dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (EPI) * Indolamines include serotonin (5-HT)

Back 8

neurotransmitters

Front 9

The cell bodies of monoamine neurones are located in the ..................... and give rise to axon terminals that are distributed widely throughout
the.................

Back 9

brainstem, brain

Front 10

Dopamine is used by several neural systems, 3 key systems.

Back 10

1.nigrostriatal, 2.mesolimbic. 3.mesocortical

Front 11

Nigrostriatal system

Back 11

projects from the substantia nigra to the caudate nucleus and putamen

Front 12

Mesolimbic system

Back 12

projects from ventral tegmental area to the limbic system (including the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and hippocampus)

Front 13

Mesocortical system

Back 13

projects from the ventral segmental area to the cortex

Front 14

Dopamine receptors are ................. *D1 receptors are .........................., whereas D2 receptors are pre-
and postsynaptic* DA produces both excitatory and inhibitory potentials depending on the ...........................

Back 14

metabotropic, postsynaptic, receptor

Front 15

DRUG-DOPAMINE INTERACTIONS: AMPT blocks tyrosine hydroxylase, preventing
the conversion of tyrosine to -DOPA - Reserpine prevents the storage of ......................
within vesicles- ................. blocks the reuptake of dopamine -Monoamine oxidase (MAO) within the axon terminal degrades dopamine * Deprenyl blocks .................. to increase dopamine

Back 15

dopamine, Cocaine,

Front 16

................................. involves activation of ................. mechanisms that increase the likelihood that a response will occur

Back 16

Reinforcement, brain, MAO-B

Front 17

Dopamine plays a critical role in
.............................

Back 17

reinforcement

Front 18

Self-stimulation of brain is supported by .......................
placed along the ................... DA pathway

Back 18

electrodes, mesolimbic

Front 19

Extracellular levels of ........ within the .................... accumbens are increased in a male rat during a sexual encounter with a female rat

Back 19

DA, nucleus,

Front 20

........................ is synthesized from dopamine within vesicles - The locus coeruleus gives rise to NE fiber systems - NE is ...................... from varicosities along fibers

Back 20

Norepinephrine, secreted

Front 21

NE interacts with four receptor types in brain

Back 21

-adrenergic (subtypes 1 and 2) -adrenergic (subtypes 1 and 2)

Front 22

Adrenergic receptors are ..........................

Back 22

metabotropic

Front 23

Serotonin (5-HT) cells are mostly located in the ....... (98%) with only 2% of serotonin cells in ..................

Back 23

GUT, BRAIN

Front 24

Serotonin cell bodies are located in ........................... raphe nuclei and project to cortex

Back 24

brainstem

Front 25

Serotonin systems:*..... system originates in the dorsal raphe nucleus but
does not form synapses (5-HT as a neuromodulator)*...... system originates from the median raphe nucleus
and these varicosities form synapses

Back 25

D, M

Front 26

There are at least 9 types of 5-HT receptors

Back 26

5-HT1 : 1A, 1B, 1D, 1E, and 1F
*5-HT2 : 2A, 2B, and 2C *5-HT3

Front 27

5-HT3 receptors are .................., the remainder
are ......................

Back 27

ionotropic, metabotropic

Front 28

5-HT1B and 5-HT1D are .......................autoreceptors

Back 28

presynaptic

Front 29

Serotonin release:

Back 29

8-OHDPAT is an autoreceptor agonist that reduces
5-HT release - No selective release blocker - Fenfluramine is a 5-HT releasing drug

Front 30

Serotonin termination:

Back 30

Reuptake is blocked by fluoxetine - prozac (elevates
5HT) - Degradation: MAO converts serotonin to 5-HIAA