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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Agression
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Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone
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Instrumental Aggression
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Inflicting harm in order to obtain something of value (means to an end)
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emotional aggression
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Inflicting harm for one's own sake
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Frustrations Aggression Hypothesis
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original: Dollard: frustration always leads to aggression and aggression presupposes the existence of frustration.
revised:frustration does not always lead to aggression but is one of the factors that may |
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Parsing An Act
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Negative Affect,Psychological Arousal, Testosterone
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Negative Affect
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experience that create negative emotions increase chances of aggression
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Psychological Arousal
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Excitation transfer: Arousal created in one situation can carry over into another and intensify arousal.
Arousal-affect model: Add high arousal to negative affect and aggression becomes even more likely. |
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Testosterone
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violence occurs largely among young men with higher levels of testosterone.
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Alcohol Myopia
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React to salient features of the present moment--miss the “big picture.” Fail to grasp the implications of one’s actions for the future.
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Zero-Sum Games
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Winner takes all, loser takes none.
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Non-Zero Sum Games
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Some may get more than others but all get something
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altruism
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a motive to increase another's welfare without conscious regard for one's self-interests
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social-exchange theory
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the theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one's rewards and minimize one's costs
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reciprocity norm
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an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them
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social-responsibility norm
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an expectation that people will help those dependent upon them
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bystander effect
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the finding that a person is less likely to provide help when there are other bystanders.
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equal status contact
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contact on an equal basis. just as a relationship between two people of unequal status breeds attitudes consistent with thier relationship, so do relationships between those of equal status. thus to reduce prejudice, interracial contact should be between persons of equal status
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superordinate goal
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a sharded goal that necessitates cooperative effort; a goal that overrides people's differences from one another
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bargaining
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seeking an agreement to a conflict through direct negotiation between parties
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mediation
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anattempt by a neutral thrid party to resolve a conflict by facilitating communication and offering suggestions
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arbitration
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resolution of a conflict by a neutral thrid party who studies both sides and imposes a settlement
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integrative agreements
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win-win agreements that reconvile both parties interests to their mutual benefit
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GRIT
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"graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension reduction" a strategy designed to de-escalate international tensions.
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Conflict
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a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals
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mirror-image perceptions
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reciprocal views of one another often held by parties in conflict; for example each may view itself as moral and peace-loving which the other is evil and agressive.
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displacement
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the redirections of aggression to a target other than the source of frustration. generally, the new target is a safer more socially acceptable target
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social learning theory
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the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded and punished
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crowding
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a subjective feeling that there is not evenough space per person
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catharsis
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emotional release. the catharsis view of aggression drive is reduced when one "releases" aggressive energy either by acting aggressively or by fantasizing aggression.
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