Psyc Chpt 14 Continued

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Anxiety Disorder

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diagnosed when levels of apprehension and worry become so extreme that overall behavior is impaired in some way

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Generalized Anxiety

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UNFOCUSED WORRYING. Chronically tense, excessive worrying, or free-floating anxiety, that lasts for at least 6 months and that cannot be attributed to any single identifiable source. Usually report trouble sleeping, muscle tension, etc.

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Panic Disorder

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recurrent discrete episodes or attacks of extremely intense fear or dread. Follows with pounding heart, shortness of breath, sweating, etc.

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Agoraphobia

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"Fear of the Market". Panic disorders are sometimes associated with this. An anxiety disorder that causes an individual to restrict their normal activities; someone suffering from agoraphobia tends to avoid public places out of fear that a panic attack will occur.

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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

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An anxiety disorder that manifests itself through persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, called obsessions, or by the compelling need to perform repetitive acts called compulsions.

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Phobic Disorder

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A highly focused fear of a specific object or situation. 1. animals 2. natural environments 3.Blood- injection injury 4. specific situation (public transportation)

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Social Anxiety Disorder

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*Currently the most common psychological disorder
Intense fear of being watched, judged, and embarrassed in social situations. Can be accompanied by physical symptoms (Blushing, sweating, etc)

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Somatoform Disorder

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Psychological disorders that focus on the body

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Hypochondriasis

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Is associated with excessive anxiety and may be related to anxiety disorders.** A long-lasting preoccupation with the idea that one has developed a serious disease, based on what turns out to be a misinterpretation of normal body reactions.

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Somatization Disorder

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Related to Hypochondriasis- the presence of the symptoms themselves cause the anxiety rather than the underlying disease (like hypochondriasis). People with this are not typically afraid of dying from a serious disease. Want someone to sympathize with their physical problems.

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Conversion Disorder

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(Unlike the other two somatoform disorders- There is Real physical or neurological impairment) The presence of REAL physical problems, such as blindness or paralysis, in which no physical cause can be discovered. Freud- unconscious conflicts have been converted into physical form.

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Mood disorders

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Prolonged and disabling disruptions in emotional state- 2 types:
1. Depressive Disorders
2. Bipolar Disorders

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Depressive Disorders

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one suffers primarily from depression. Most common of all psychological disorders

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Major Depressive Disorder

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A type of mood disorder characterized by depressed mood and other symptoms. Must show five or more of below sypmtoms for a period of at least 2 weeks. pg 465

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Recurrent Depressive Disorder

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a major depressive episode has occured more than once in an individual's lifetime (but separated by a period of at least two months)

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Dysthymic (Depressive) Disorder

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A major depressive disorder in which the depressive symptoms tend to be milder and less disruptive but MORE CHRONIC. Tend to show a relatively continuous depressed mood for a period of at least two years.

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Double Depression

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When a major depressive episode occurs at the same time as a dysthymic disorder.

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Bipolar Disorder

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one experiences mood shifts in two directions, traveling from the depths of depression (a major depressive episode) to a hyperactive, euphoric condition called a manic state.

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Manic State

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disordered state in which the person becomes hyperactive, talkative, and has a decreased need for sleep; may engage in activities that are self-destructive or dangerous. To be classified in the DSM-IV-TR the elevated mood must last for at least a week.

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Schizophrenia

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"Split-mind". A class of disorders characterized by fundamental disturbances in thought processes, emotion, or behavior. The person lives in an internal world marked by thought processes that have gone awry: delusions, hallucinations, etc. *No single symptom must be present for the diagnosis to be applied

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Positive Symptoms

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observable expressions of abnormal behavior, such as delusions and hallucinations, disorganized speech, and catatonia.

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Negative Symptoms

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deficits in behavior, such as inability to express emotions. EX: Flat affect

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Cognitive Symptoms

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difficulties in decision making and the ability to sustain attention

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Personality Disorders

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Chronic or enduring patterns of behavior that lead to significant impairments in social functioning. ** Tendency to act repeatedly in an inflexible and maladaptive way

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Paranoid Personality Disorder

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A personality disorder characterized by pervasive distrust of others.

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Dependent Personality Disorder

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(may show persistent need to be taken care of by others)

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Antisocial Personality Disorder

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Occurs mainly in MEN. Characterized by little, if any, respect for social laws, customs, or norms. No qualms about committing a crime.

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Borderline Personality Disorder

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Mainly in WOMEN. Characterized by problems with emotional regulation, social relationships, and sense of self. Associated with aggression, self-injury, and substance abuse.