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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is engineering psychology concerned with?
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designing and adpating machine and equipment for human use, and determining appropriate behaviours needed to effectively operate equipment and machines
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time-and-motion study
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redesigning work tools and equipment and reshaping the way workers perform jobs to increase efficiency
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how does time-and-motion study improve efficiency?
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stadardizes tasks and redesigns tools
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What did Frederick Taylor do?
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redesigned shovels to make work more efficient
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what did the Galbreths do?
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goal was to eliminate unecessary motion
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what was one of the things lillian glabreth invented?
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step-pedal garbage can
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what are some guidelines for improving efficiency?
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keep tools within reach
both hands work symmetrically, all the time hands are only used when necessary workbench at the appropriate height |
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up until which year, operators were not considered important?
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1940
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What event brought onthe need for better ways for operating machines?
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WW2
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what is a person-machine system?
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humans and machine operate together to accomplish a task
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how does the person-machine system work?
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person recieves input on status of machine, on basis of input the human regulates the machine...tasks vary in the amount of input needed by the operator
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what are some disadvatages to automated work for the employees?
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works loose skills due to now usage, fatiguing and boring work
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What are the 6 benefits of machines?
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can detect stimuli beyond human eyesight
can monitor for lenghty time periods make accurate and fast calculations store a lot of info and retrieve it apply a larger physical force repetitive tasks can be done for longer periods of time |
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what are the benefits of human workers?
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adaptable
learn from mistakes improvision |
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when are visual displays best?
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long difficult and abstract messages
niosy environment message consists of different types of info that must be processed simultaneously |
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when are auditory displays best?
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short, simple message
urgent dark environment operator is moving around a lot |
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what are controls?
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its how an operator manipulates a machine
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when should controls be combined?
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whenever possible
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shape coding
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knobs can be identified by touch
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what is an important part of control placement? what about emergency controls?
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it should be consitent and standardized, emergency controls should be labelled and visible yet protected from being accidently activated
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what are some reasons robots are good?
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can go into toxic areas
perform maintenance operations good at finding defects are cheaper than people and can operate 24/7 |
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Robots often reduce _____ ______ and create a more physical distance between employees.
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social contact
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what are 3 other names for engineering psychology?
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ergonomics
human factors human engineering |
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time-and-motion experts are sometimes called what?
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efficiency experts
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what are components of an efficient human workspace?
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tools lined up according to order of use
tools be ready for use before being picked up comfort reaching distance |
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how should hand tools be designed?
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workers shouldn't have to bend their wrists because this makes the suseptible to injury
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human anthropometry
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concerned with measurements of the physical structures of the body
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what is human anthropometry used for?
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to define normal and maximum reach length, tool arrangment, desk hieght, size and shape of seats and viewing angles for video display
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seats are getting _______.
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bigger
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Qualitative visual displays
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present a range, not a precise value
used when precise numbers are not needed |
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Quantitative displays
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present a precise numerical value
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analog display
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range of numbers with an arrow pointing to certain numbers
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digital display
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precise number, can read faster and there are fewer errors but cannot be used in a situation of constant and rapid fluxuation
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check-reading visuals
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on/off, safe/unsafe..the "go/no go" display
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what make better auditory displays?
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horn, whistles and sirens
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tactile displays can be felt by what?
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the skin
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hands are better for jobs that require ______?
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precision
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feet are better for exerting______?
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force
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shape coding
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controls are made into recognizably different shapes so that they can be identified just by touch
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what are some fields that engineering psychologists are working in?
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robotic surgery, virutal patients, and designing nurses shoes
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what does robotic surgery allow for?
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smaller incisions
less invasive procedures, more persision |
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where has engineering psychology been applied in the past?
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kitchen tools
transportation furniture design home work spaces |
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people have better understanding of things when they read it where?
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on paper
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which worker groups are most affected by the robots coming into the workforce?
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painters, assmblers, mechanics, assembly line workers
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