Psyc-216 Chapter I

Front 1

What are the four "D's"

Back 1

deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger

Front 2

What is Psychological Abnormality?

Back 2

patterns of psychological abnormality are typically deviant ( differ-ent, extreme, unusual, perhaps even bizarre), distressing ( unpleasant and upsetting to the person), dysfunctional ( interfering with the person’s ability to conduct daily activities in a constructive way), and possibly dangerous.

Front 3

Behavior, thoughts, and emotions that break norms of psychological functioning are called ________

Back 3

abnormal
(re: Deviance)

Front 4

A society’s norms grow from its particular ______

Back 4

culture
(re: Deviance)

Front 5

A society’s culture is its...

Back 5

its history, values, institutions, habits, skills, technology, and arts.
(re: Deviance)

Front 6

Each society establishes norms. What are norms?

Back 6

stated and unstated rules for proper conduct.
(re: Deviance)

Front 7

Abnormal behavior tends to be dysfunctional; that is...

Back 7

interferes with daily functioning.
It so upsets, distracts, or confuses people that
they cannot care for themselves properly,
participate in ordinary social interactions, or
work productively.

Front 8

Individuals whose behavior is consistently careless, hostile, or confused may be placing themselves or those around them at risk. This is which of the four "D's"?

Back 8

Danger

Front 9

What Is Psychological Abnormality?

Back 9

field devoted to the scientific study of abnormal behavior is called abnormal psychology. Abnormal functioning is generally considered to be deviant, distressful, dysfunctional, and dangerous. Behavior must also be considered in the context in which it occurs, however, and the concept of abnormality depends on the norms and values of the society in question.

Front 10

What is treatment, or therapy?

Back 10

a procedure to help change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior;

Front 11

clinical theorist Thomas Szasz places such emphasis on society’s role that he finds the whole concept of mental illness to be _______ or _______

Back 11

invalid, a myth

Front 12

According to clinical theorist Thomas Szasz, the deviations that society calls abnormal are simply
"____ __ _____" not signs of something wrong within the person.

Back 12

“problems in living”

Front 13

According to clinical theorist Thomas Szasz, societies invent the concept of mental illness so that they can better control or change people whose unusual patterns of functioning upset or ______________

Back 13

threaten the social order.

Front 14

According to clinical theorist Thomas Szasz, societies invent the concept of mental illness so that they can better ____ __ ____ _____ whose unusual patterns of functioning upset or threaten the social order.

Back 14

control or change people

Front 15

What Is Treatment?

Back 15

Therapy is a SYSTEMATIC PROCESS for helping people OVERCOME their psychological DIFFICULTIES. It may differ from problem to problem and from therapist to therapist, but it
typically includes a patient, a therapist, and a series of therapeutic contacts.

Front 16

According to the clinical theorist Jerome Frank, all forms of therapy have three key features:

Back 16

a SUFFERER, a HEALER, and a SERIES of contacts (meetings?)

Front 17

define trephination

Back 17

a stone instrument, or TREPHINE, was used to CUT AWAY a CIRCULAR SECTION of the SKULL.

Front 18

_____ taught that abnormal behavior was a disease which came from an imbalance of four fluids called _____

Back 18

Hippocrites; Humors

Front 19

list the four fluids or "humors"

Back 19

yellow bile
black bile
blood
phlegm

Front 20

Which German doctor was the first physician to specialize in mental illness?

Back 20

Johann Weyer ( 1515– 1588)

Front 21

Who believed that the mind was as susceptible to sickness as the body was?

Back 21

Johann Weyer ( 1515– 1588)

Front 22

Who is considered the founder of the modern study of psychopathology?

Back 22

Johann Weyer ( 1515– 1588)

Front 23

Where was one of the oldest and best-known religious shrines in Europe devoted to the humane and loving treatment of people with mental disorders?

Back 23

Gheel in Belgium.

Front 24

Mass madness was widespread in the middle ages. What is mass madness?

Back 24

large groups of people share absurd false beliefs and imagine sights or sounds.

Front 25

Tarantism is one mass madness. What did groups of people believe they were bitten by, and what would they start to do?

Back 25

Taratula or Wolf Spider.
tarantism a.k.a. Saint Vitus’ dance, Groups of people would suddenly start to jump, dance, and go into convulsions

Front 26

Where was one of the world’s first colony of mental patients? (Where many still live today).

Back 26

Gheel

Front 27

What city was the forerunner of today’s community mental health programs, and continues to demonstrate that people with psychological disorders can respond to loving care and respectful treatment.

Back 27

Gheel

Front 28

Pseudomonas causes what?

Back 28

PSEUDO

pneumonia (CF)
sepsis (black lesions on skin)
External otitis (swimmers ear)
UTI
Drug use/Diabetic Osteomyelitis
(also hot tub folliculitis)

Front 29

Who selects the criteria for defining abnormality? (and uses those criteria to judge particular cases)

Back 29

Society

Front 30

_______, an asylum in Paris for male patients, as the first site of asylum reform. In 1793, during the French Revolution, WHO was named the chief physician there.

Back 30

La Bicêtre
Philippe Pinel ( 1745– 1826)

Front 31

WHO founded WHAT retreat in 1796 in Northern England?

Back 31

William Tate,
the York Retreat

Front 32

WHO was the person most responsible for the early spread of moral treatment in the United States; who limited his practice to mental illness, and developed humane approaches to treatment?

Back 32

Benjamin Rush (1745– 1813)

Front 33

WHO is now considered the father of American psychiatry?

Back 33

Benjamin Rush (1745– 1813)

Front 34

Name the Boston schoolteacher who made humane care a public concern in the United States, 1841-1881 telling state legislatures and Congress of horrors observed at asylums and calling for reform, leading to new laws and greater government funding to improve the treatment of people with mental disorders.

Back 34

Dorothea Dix ( 1802– 1887)

Front 35

state hospitals are...

Back 35

State- run public mental institutions in the United States.

Front 36

the SOMATOGENIC perspective is...

Back 36

The view that abnormal psychological functioning has PHYSICAL causes.

Front 37

the PSYCHOGENIC perspective is...

Back 37

The view that the chief causes of abnormal functioning are PSYCHOLOGICAL.

Front 38

in the late 1800's, this movement was declining and these two perspectives emerged.

Back 38

MORAL Movement
SOMATOGENIC perspective (physical)
PSYCHOGENIC perspective (psych)

Front 39

WHO was the German researcher in 1883 published a textbook arguing that physical factors, such as fatigue, are responsible for mental dysfunction?

Back 39

Emil Kraepelin ( 1856– 1926)

Front 40

WHO was the German researcher that developed the first modern system for classifying abnormal behavior?

Back 40

Emil Kraepelin ( 1856– 1926)

Front 41

WHICH German neurologist in 1897 theorized that an earlier case of syphilis had caused patients' general paresis, after having injected matter from syphilis sores into them and found they were immune to syphilis.

Back 41

Richard von Krafft- Ebing ( 1840– 1902)

Front 42

WHICH Austrian physician opened a Paris clinic to treat hysterical disorders with mesmerism?

Back 42

Friedrich Anton Mesmer (1734 - 1815)