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12 Cards in this Set
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Established the first psychological laboratory in 1879 in Germany. Two early schools were structuralism and functionalism. Early researchers defined psychology as a “science of mental life.” |
WIlhelm Wundt |
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British psychologist best known for creating his version of psychology that described the structure of the mind; structuralism. |
Edward Titchener |
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American philosopher and psychologist who was also trained as a physician. The first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States, one of the leading thinkers of the late nineteenth century and is believed by many to be one of the most influential philosophers the United States has ever produced, while others have labelled him the "Father of American psychology". Theory of self. |
WIlliam James |
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American philosopher and psychologist. The first woman to become president of the American Psychological Association. |
Mary Whiton Calkins |
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Believed we learn language as we learn other things*—by association, imitation, and reinforcement. We acquire a specific language through learning as our biology and experience interact. Childhood is a critical period for learning to speak and/or sign fluently. |
B.F. Skinner |
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German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. |
Erik Erikson |
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theory of psychoanalysis, concluded that these problems reflected unacceptable thoughts and feelings,hidden away in the unconscious mind. To explore this hidden part of a patient’s mind, used free association and dream analysis. |
Sigmund Freud |
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Who developed the five psychosexual stages (oral, anal,phallic, latency, and genital) |
Sigmund Freud |
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In his theory of cognitive development, proposed that children actively construct and modify their understanding of the world through the processes of assimilation and accommodation. They form schemas that help them organize their experiences. |
Jean Piaget |
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Who developed mind’s three systems: the id (pleasure-seeking impulses), ego (reality-oriented executive), and superego (internalized set of ideals, or conscience). |
Sigmund Freud |
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work on classical conditioning laid the foundation for behaviorism, the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.The behaviorists believed that the basic laws of learning are the same for all species, including humans. |
Ivan Pavlov |
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believed that the ingredients of a growth-promoting environment are genuineness, acceptance(including unconditional positive regard), and empathy. Self-concept was a central feature of personality, client-centered therapy proposed that therapists’ most important contributions are to function as a psychological mirror through active listening and to provide a growth-fostering environment of unconditional positive regard, characterized by genuineness, acceptance, and empathy. |
Carl Rogers |
