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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Constructs
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Internal attributes or characteristics that cannot be directly observed but are useful for describing and explaining behavior
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continuous variable
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An infinite number of possible values that fall between any two observed values. A continuous variable is divisible into an infinite number of fractional parts.
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control condition
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Individuals who do not receive the experimental treatment. Instead, they either receive no treatment or they receive a neutral, placebo treatment. The purpose of a control condition is to provide a baseline for comparison with experimental condition.
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correlational method
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Two different variables are observed to determine whether there is a relationship between them.
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data
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Measurement or observations
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data set
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A collection of measurements or observations
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datum
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A single measurement or observation and is commonly called a score or raw score.
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dependent variable
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The variable that is observed to asses the effect of the treatment.
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descriptive statistics
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Statistical procedures used to summarize, organize, and simplify data.
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discrete variable
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Consists of separate, indivisible categories. No values can exist between two neighboring categories.
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experimental condition
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Individuals who do receive the experimental treatment.
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experimental method
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One variable is manipulated while another variable is observed and measured. To establish a cause-and-effect relationship between the two variables, an experiment attempts to control all other variables to prevent them from influencing the results.
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independent
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The variable that is manipulated by the researcher. In behavioral research, the independent variable usually consists of the two ( or more) treatment conditions to which subjects are exposed. The independent variable consists of the antecedent conditions that were manipulated prior to observing the dependent variable.
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Inferential statistics
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Techniques that allow us to study samples and then make generalizations about the populations from which they were selected
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