Psy4270 Personality Assessment

Front 1

Define personality.

Back 1

A stable set of tendencies that determine directionality of thoughts and actions that have continuity in time and characteristics (static personality structures) used to explain a persons goals.

Front 2

What are personality assessment techniques used for?

Back 2

To answer specific questions about an individual generated by clinicians to inform treatment

Front 3

What are two structured interview techniques for assessing personality?

Back 3

1. SCID for DSM Axis II
2. International Personality Disorder Examination

Front 4

What are the administrator qualifications usually required for personality assessment techniques?

Back 4

Have completed a graduate level course in psychological testing or have a master’s level degree in an appropriate course related to psychology and receive specialized training.

Front 5

Finish this sentence “The MMPI-2 is an…”

Back 5

Empirically derived measure

Front 6

Describe the MMPI-2.

Back 6

- 8th grade reading level
- 1-1.5 hours to administer
- written test booklet or computer-administered
- 567 true/false questions
- measures psychopathology as well as normal behaviour

Front 7

What does the VRIN Validity Scale on the MMPI-2 measure?

Back 7

Detects completely random responding

Front 8

What does the TRIN Validity Scale on the MMPI-2 measure?

Back 8

Detects all true or all false responding

Front 9

What does the L (Lie) Validity Scale on the MMPI-2 measure?

Back 9

Detects an unsophisticated attempt to present oneself in a favourable light.

Front 10

What does the F (Infrequently) Validity Scale on the MMPI-2 measure?

Back 10

Detects deviant or atypical response patterns, such as faking bad or not reading the questions.

Front 11

What does the F(p) (Infrequency-Psychopathology) Validity Scale on the MMPI-2 measure?

Back 11

Detects severe psychopathology versus faking bad

Front 12

Finish this sentence “the PAI is theoretically derived and …”

Back 12

Empirically verified

Front 13

What are the five broad constructs of the PAI?

Back 13

1. Validity
2. Clinical Syndromes
3. Interpersonal style
4. Treatment complications
5. Characteristics of the individuals environment

Front 14

How many items are on the PAI and how were these derived?

Back 14

344 items derived from an original pool of 2,200 items

Front 15

Finish this sentence “like the MMPI-2 the PAI was NOT designed for…”

Back 15

Normal personality assessment

Front 16

Why is the PAI used?

Back 16

Screening, diagnosis and treatment planning

Front 17

What are the 2 versions of the PAI?

Back 17

1. PAI - for adults and university students
2. PAI-A – adolescents (264 items)

Front 18

Describe the PAI-A.

Back 18

- 264 items
- for adolescent populations
- 50-60 minutes to administer
- 4th grade reading level

Front 19

How long does the PAI typically take to score and how is it scored?

Back 19

Takes about 20 minutes to score and involves structural summary, profile form, and critical item form

Front 20

What are some issues related to PAI administration?

Back 20

- requires 95% item completion rate for interpretation otherwise its invalid
- > 80% completion rate for interpretation of the individual scales

Front 21

What are the NIM and the PIM on the PAI?

Back 21

- NIM: Negative Impression – exaggerated negative impression or bizarre and unlikely symptoms
- PIM: Positive Impression – exaggerated positive impression and denial of minor faults

Front 22

What are some of the supplemental validity scales on the PAI?

Back 22

- Malingering (MAL)
- Rogers Discriminant Function (RDF) discriminated between true patients and simulating individuals
- Defensiveness Index (DEF)
- Cashel Discriminant Function (CDF) discriminates btw defensive and honest responding
- Alcohol Estimate and Drig Estimate (ALC est and DRUG est) for detection of underreporting
- Back Random Responding

Front 23

What are some of the treatment consideration scales on the PAI?

Back 23

- Aggression (AGG)
- Suicidal Ideation (SUI)
- Stress (STR)
- Nonsupport (NON)
- Treatment Rejection (RXR)
- Interpersonal Scales (dominance and warmth)
- Supplemental Indexes (violence potential index and treatment process index)

Front 24

What was the original aim of the 16PF?

Back 24

To measure the broad range of normal personality

Front 25

Describe the 16PF.

Back 25

- 5th grade reading level
- 16+
- 185 items
- 25-35 minutes to administer (written 35-50/computer 25-35)
- Australian norms

Front 26

What are the 16 Personality Factors in the 16PF

Back 26

1. A –Warmth
2. B – Reasoning
3. C – Emotional Stability
4. E – Dominance
5. F – Liveliness
6. G – Rule-Consciousness
7. H – Social Boldness
8. I – Sensitivity
9. L – Vigilance
10. M – Abstractness
11. N - Privateness
12. O – Apprehension
13. Q1 – Openess to change
14. Q2 – Self reliance
15. Q3 – Perfectionism
16. Q4 – Tension

Front 27

What age can the Rorschach-Exner method used with?

Back 27

14 years and older

Front 28

How long does the Rorschach take to administer?

Back 28

40-60 minutes

Front 29

What are the 6 constellations in the Rorschach Exner method?

Back 29

1. Suicide Potential
2. Perceptual-Thinking Index
3. Depression
4. Coping Deficits
5. Hypervigilence
6. Obsessions

Front 30

What are the 7 Interpretative Clusters in the Rorschach Exner method?

Back 30

1. Processing – input of incoming information
2. Mediation – translation of information
3. Ideation – meaningful organization of information
4. Controls - coping capacity
5. Affect – meaning of emotion
6. Self-Perception – self-image and self-esteem
7. Interpersonal Relationships – expectation about relationships

Front 31

What are the main two types of personality assessment tools?

Back 31

Projective and empirical

Front 32

What are projective tests of personality?

Back 32

Theoretically based and qualitatively scored tests of personality with allows for individual interpretation.

Front 33

What are 4 examples of projective tests of personality?

Back 33

1. Rorschach Inkblot Tests
2. Thematic Apperception Test
3. House-Tree-Person
4. Word Association

Front 34

What are empirical tests of personality?

Back 34

Criterion-referenced tests, usually empirically derived from a construct validation framework and quantitatively scored.

Front 35

What are 4 examples of empirical tests of personality?

Back 35

1. MMPI-2
2. PAI
3. 16 PF
4. NEO-PR III

Front 36

What three major coding components on the Rorschach are the focus of the examiner?

Back 36

Location: Where is it?
Determinants: What makes it look like that?
Content: What is it?

Front 37

How many inkblots are there in the Rorschach?

Back 37

10

Front 38

Describe the inquiry phase of the Rorschach.

Back 38

When the examiner enquires about additional information needed in order to score the response accurately (not to gain new information) but to obtain more detail about the location, determinants and content related to the original response.

Front 39

Describe 4 codes used to score location in the Rorschach.

Back 39

1. “W” for a whole response – uses the whole blot
2. “D” for a common response – uses the ink blot in a way a lot of people do (79)
3. “Dd” for unusual detail response – uses the ink blot in a way few people do (129)
4. “S” is used in conjuction with the basic location codes (above) to indicate the incorporation of white space in a response

Front 40

Describe 9 codes uses to score the determinants in the Rorschach.

Back 40

1. Form: “F” form of the blot only
2. Movement: “M” (human or animals moving like humans) “FM” (animals moving like animals) “m” (inanimate objects moving) does the response include movement
3. Colour: “FC” (mostly form with some colour) “CF” (mostly colour with some form) “C” (just colour) - does it rely on the use of colour
4. Shading-Texture: “FT” (mostly form with some texture) “TF” (mostly texture with some form) “T” (just texture) – does it rely on the use of texture
5. Shading-Dimension: “FV” (mostly form with some dimension) “VF” (mostly dimension with some form) “V” (mostly dimension) – does it rely on the use of shading to infer dimension
6. Shading-Diffuse: “FY” (mostly form with some diffuse shading) “YF” (mostly diffuse shading with some form) “Y” (mostly diffuse shading) – does it rely on the use of light-dark features?
7. Form-Dimension: “FD” – does it rely on dimension based on the form of the blot only?
8. “(2)” – does the response include a pair of things (not a relection)?
9. Reflection or Mirror image: “Fr” or “rF” – does the response include a reflection? Does it rely on the use of a reflection or mirror image?

Front 41

Describe example of coding a Contents response on the Rorschach.

Back 41

- Human (H-Whole Human, H-Fictional Human)
- Human Experience (Hx-sadness,happiness)
- Animal (A)
- Anatomy (An)
- Blood (Bl)
- Clothing (Cg)
- Household (Hh)
- Clouds (Cl)

Front 42

What are the four aspects needed for scoring the TAT?

Back 42

1. Preceding events – what led up to what’s happening in this picture?
2. Current situations – what is happening right now in the picture?
3. Thoughts and feelings of the characters – what are they thinking and feeling?
4. Outcome – what is the outcome?

Front 43

What do you do is the respondent does not address the four aspects of the TAT required for scoring?

Back 43

Question them further about the aspect required.

Front 44

What is the purpose of the TAT?

Back 44

To reveal to the trained interpreter some of the dominant drives, emotions, sentiments, complexes and conflicts of a personality.

Front 45

How many items are on the MMPI-2?

Back 45

567 items

Front 46

What age can the TAT be adminster to?

Back 46

From age 7 years and over

Front 47

How long does the TAT take to administer?

Back 47

1 hour

Front 48

How many TAT cards in the pack?

Back 48

10 cards

Front 49

Is the TAT reliable? What information does it provide?

Back 49

Is it not a reliable measure however it gives clinicians useful information regarding the clients approach to life circumstances

Front 50

Henry Murray’s scoring system for the TAT gives what type of helpful information?

Back 50

1. the probable nature of interpersonal relationships
2. the client’s inner needs, views of environmental pressures, and general themes
3. possible problem-solving and decision-making approaches

Front 51

What are the scoring choices on the MMPI-2?

Back 51

True or false (forced choice responses)

Front 52

What are the 7 scales on the MMPI-2?

Back 52

1. Validity Scales (9)
2. Clinical Scales (10)
3. Harris Lingo Subscales & Scale 0 Subscales
4. Clinical Content Scales
5. Restructured Clinical Scales
6. Supplementary Subscales (12)
7. Psychopathology (PSY)-5

Front 53

What are the 9 validity scales on the MMPI-2?

Back 53

1. Cannot Say (?)
2. Variable Response Inconsistency Scale (VRIN)
3. True Response Inconsistency Scale (TRIN)
4. Lie Scale (L Scale)
5. Infrequency Scale (F Scale)
6. Back Infrequency Scale (F(p) Scale
7. Correction Scale (K Scale)
8. Superlative Self-Presentation Scale (S Scale)

Front 54

What are the main three scales on the MMPI-2 and what is their purpose?

Back 54

1. Validity Scales (9): whether they are telling the truth.
2. Clinical Scales (10): specific psychopathology.
3. Supplementary Scales (12): used to answer specific questions.

Front 55

What are the 10 clinical scales on the MMPI-2?

Back 55

1. Scale 1 (Hs – Hypochrondriasis) – abnormal concerns over bodily health
2. Scale 2 (D – Depression) – depressive symptomology
3. Scale 3 (Hy – Hysteria) – interpersonal behaviours that can occur as a reaction to stress
4. Scale 4 (Pd – Psychopathic Deviate) – asocial or amoral behaviours
5. Scale 5 (Mf –Masculinity-Femininity) – stereotypical interests
6. Scale 6 (Pa – Paranoia) – suspiciousness, mistrust, paranoid thinking and behaviour
7. Scale 7 (Pt – Psychasthenia) – symptoms related to anxiety
8. Scale 8 (Sc – Schizophrenia) – disturbance in thinking, mood and behaviour
9. Scale 9 (Ma –Hypomania) – manic excitement
10. Scale 10 (Si – Social Introversion) – high scores social introversion and low score socially outgoing behaviour

Front 56

What are the 12 Supplementary Scales on the MMPI?

Back 56

1. Anxiety (A) Scale
2. Repression (R) Scale
3. Ego Strength (Es) Scale
4. MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale-Revised (MAC-R)
5. Addiction Acknowledgement Scale (AAS)
6. Addiction Potential Scale (APS)
7. Marital Distress Scale (MDS)
8. Overcontrolled-Hostility (O-H) Scale
9. Dominance (Do) Scale
10. Social Responsibility (Re) Scale
11. College Maladaptive (Mt) Scale
12. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PK) Scale