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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does learning mean?
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the process of acquiring new information
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What does memory mean?
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the outcome of learning
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What does acquisition mean?
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the registering of incoming information
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What does encoding mean?
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the storage of new information
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What is consolidation?
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creating stronger representations of incoming information
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what is retrieval?
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the use of stored information
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what is amnesia?
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loss of memory
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What are the types of memory?
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Sensory memory, short term memory & working memory and long term memory.
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Long term memory is divided into what two areas?
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Declarative (explicit) memory and Nondeclarative (implicit) memory.
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Sensory memory last how long?
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Very brief ( less than a sec) of sensory information.
Echoic memory ( auditory) Iconic memory (visual) |
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Working memory is similar to which other memory?
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Short term memory but specifically refers to the manipulation of information
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Long term memory last how long?
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Extended storage (days-years) of information
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Why is information lost in the long term memory?
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Primarily lost due to interference between information
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A sub category of long term memory is Declarative what are its 2 main categories?
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Episodic (events) and Semantic (facts)
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A sub category of long term memory is non-declarative (implicit) what are its 4 main categories?
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◦Procedural memory (skills)
◦Perceptual representation (priming) ◦Classical Conditioning (conditioned responses) ◦Nonassociative learning (habituation, sensitisation) |
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What type of memory is not easily verbalized and is unconscious?
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Implicit memory.
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Case study - KF had damage where?
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Damage to the sylvian fissure. Abnormal STM but normal LTM. Suggesting Dissociation between STM and LTM.
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Anteorgrade amnesia is?
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Loss of ability to form new memories
◦Associated with damage to the medial temporal lobes (primarily the hippocampus) |
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Retrograde amnesia is?
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Loss of memory for events that happened in the past. Damage to regions of the temporal lobe outside the hippocampus
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What is Alzheimers Disease?
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Widespread neurodegeneration and atrophy. Loss of brain tissues.
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Korsakoffs Syndrome causes what?
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Anterograde and retrograde amnesia caused by vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency.
Related to alcoholism |
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What memory loss does Korsakoffs syndrome cause?
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Characterised by declarative memory loss and preservation of non declarative memory
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What is the structure and mechanisms of working memory?
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Visually coded information, command and control centre and the acoustically coded information. (LOOP)
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The structure of the MW appear to have separate anatomical substrates where?
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Supramarginal gyrus and premotor phonological.
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HM had what removed?
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The medial temporal lobe.
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What happened to HM?
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Could not recall new memories.
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Long term potentiation (LTP) was discovered when?
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1973. brief stimulation to excitatory pathways produced a lasting strengthening in synaptic transmission = Long Term Potentiation (LTP). Which leads to maturation.
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Cerebellum plays a major role in what conditioning?
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Classical conditioning (non declarative memory)
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What dysfunction can we expect to see in patients with PTST?
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Amygdala dysfunction - experience of different fear conditioning.
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The purkinje cell is vital to which conditioning?
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Classical conditioning.
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