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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Membrane Potential |
Difference in electrical charge between inside and outside of a cell |
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Resting potential |
Difference in internal charge compared to extracellular environment. |
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Neuron Resting Charge / Resting Membrane Potential |
-70mV |
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Anions |
Negative charged ions |
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Cations |
Positive charged ions |
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Polarized |
Neuron at rest, the charge is opposite to the outside. |
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Depolarizing |
Neuron in the process of firing, becoming similar to the outside |
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Hyperpolarize |
Neuron internal charge big opposite from the outside |
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Electrostatic Pressure |
Pull between NA+ intra and extra-cellular. |
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Factors that influence distribution of NA+ and K+ |
1. Electrostatic Pressure 2. Random Motion 3. Concentration Gradient |
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Concentration Gradient |
Random motion and lack of NA+ inside the cell |
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Sodium-Potassium Pump |
Regulates frequency at which ions can enter/exit without changing the internal charge |
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Neural Conduction |
Process of changing internal charge so neuron can fire |
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Chemical Messengers |
Neurotransmitters, hormones or other chemicals received by dendrites |
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EPSP |
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential. Depolarizations that increase likelihood neuron will fire. |
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IPSP |
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials. Hyperpolarizations that decrease likelihood neuron will fire. |
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Graded Responses |
Amplitudes of EPSPs & IPSPs proportional to intensity of signals that illicit them. |
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What does a strong or weak signal mean in terms of PSPs? |
Weak Signal = Small PSP Strong Signal = Large PSP |
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Threshold of Excitation |
-65mV |
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Peak Membrane Potential |
+50mV |
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Rising Phase |
Depolarization of cell, approaching 0mV and above 0mV |
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Peak Phase |
NA channels close, K channels open |
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Falling Phase |
Repolarization, loss of K |
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Refractory Period |
Hyperpolarized, difficult to reactivate and fire |
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Resting Potential |
State of neuron returned to over time and ready to be fired again |
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Propogation |
Electrical signal is transmitted down the axon. Occurs after EPSPs have generated threshold of excitation |
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Action Potential Properties |
Non-graded and non-decremental |
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Saltatory Conduction |
Propagates AP through axons. Recharges AP to keep non-decremental / non-graded. Depolarized the neuron |
