Psy3190 Lecture 6

Front 1

What is adolescences defined as in age?

Back 1

13-18 year olds

Front 2

Youth aged?
young adults?

Back 2

youth aged 19-24,
25-30

Front 3

Why are these ages important?

Back 3

These definitions are important given the way drug use patterns and problems are researched and treated.

Front 4

What transition is the most stressful?

Back 4

Adolescence to adulthood. Biological changes (puberty); Physical growth; Psychological and cognitive development; independence.

Front 5

In adolescence what group becomes more important?

Back 5

Peer groups

Front 6

What do we know about youth AOD use?

Back 6

85% are normal users (social drinkings/takers)
5% are Precocious (female and also engaging in other antisocial behaviours)
7% Antisocial
3% will have multiple problems (mental health) this group are more likely to continue problematic use.

Front 7

What is the best source of knowledge about youth AOD?

Back 7

The AIHW National Drug Strategy Household Survey conducted every 3 years since 1993.

Front 8

What was the NDSHS sample based on in 2010?

Back 8

Only households.

Front 9

What has declined over the past 2 decades?

Back 9

daily smoking

Front 10

What percentage of Australians over the age of 18 drink alcohol?

Back 10

82% drink alcohol

Front 11

What percentage of Australians under 18 are drinking alcohol?

Back 11

40%

Front 12

Youth aged 14-19 what is the risk of drinking?

Back 12

1/3 abstained 13% are looking at short term harm (4 standard drinks in a session) and 15% at long term damage (2 drinks per day).

Front 13

What has declined since 007?

Back 13

Youth daily drinking HOWEVER 'risky' or binge drinking is increasing.

Front 14

The majority of youth and young people have never used drugs and will never use drugs true or false?

Back 14

true.

Front 15

Young people who abuse drugs have what expectations?

Back 15

Positive thoughts about drugs and the effects.
If they expect something good to happen they are more likely to continue using the drug.

Front 16

What are some of the risk factors for AOD problems?

Back 16

Poor parent child relationships. History of drug use.

Front 17

What are programs focusing on with youth?

Back 17

Coping and self efficacy.

Front 18

What are we trying to do with youth? are we trying to stop drug use altogether or limited age of onset?

Back 18

We can't stop it altogether but we can try and delay it the age of initiation.

Front 19

What are the social determinants of health?

Back 19

nice convergence of prevention and public health agendas.

Front 20

Why is age of initiation important?

Back 20

Psychological development. Development potentially stops at the age they start to regularly use the drug.

Front 21

What are the protective factors to delay early onset?

Back 21

Positive parent-child relationships.
Keeping them in school.
Positive self worth and competency.
Internal focus of control
Living in stable accommodation.

Front 22

Using Risk Protector factors model in designing interventions.

Back 22

Model suggest 'treating' the whole person.
What is maintaining the drug use?

Front 23

What approach should be used?

Back 23

Motivational empowering approach (resiliency and strengths).
Promoting and strengthening relationships with at least one positive adult.

Front 24

Harm minimisation - what are the cultural changes?

Back 24

Normalisation - drug use used to be seen as deviant/delinquent behaviour - now it is socially acceptable to binge drink.
1/3 of youth have used drugs in the last year.

Front 25

What are Parkers outlines 6 markers of normalisation - how a drug goes from diviant to normal?

Back 25

1. Increasing access to and availability of drugs in the community;
2. Increasing prevalence of this drug use, particularly among youth;
3. Increasingly tolerant attitudes towards drugs among users, non-users;
4. Expectations among current abstainers regarding future initiation of
drug use (I don’t use now but I’ll probably try them some day);
5. The “cultural accommodation” of drug cultures in youth oriented film, TV and music; and
6. More liberal policy shifts, greater acceptance of harm reduction etc.

Front 26

What will happen to most of young people who are trying drugs?

Back 26

Very few youth use illicit substances, most of those that do try them, use them occasionally cease by early 30s.