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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motivation
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a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
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Four perspectives of motivated behaviors
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instinct
drive-reduction arousal Maslow’s hierarchy |
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Instinct
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an unlearned complex behavior with a fixed pattern throughout a species
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Drive-reduction theory
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a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy a need
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Homeostasis
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the maintenance of a steady internal state
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Incentive
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a positive or negative stimulus that motivates behavior
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Needs and incentives
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incentives paired with needs have a strong effect on us
(hunger combined with the smell of freshly baked bread) |
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Arousal
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having all our biological needs satisfied, we feel driven to experience stimulation
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Hierarchy of needs
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Created by Abraham Maslow
from the bottom up: physiological, safety, belongingness and love, esteem, self-actualization |
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Physiological needs
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food and water
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Safety needs
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feel safe, secure, and stable
need to feel the world is organized and predictable |
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Belongingness and love needs
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love and be loved
avoid loneliness and alienation |
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Esteem needs
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self-esteem
competence independence need for recognition and respect from others |
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Self-actualization needs
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need to live up to one’s fullest and unique potential
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